DWDM da OTN tsarin fasaha guda biyu ne da fasahar watsawa ta rarraba raƙuman ruwa ta haɓaka a cikin 'yan shekarun nan: Ana iya ɗaukar DWDM a matsayin PDH na baya (watsawa ta maki-zuwa-maki), kuma ana kammala ayyukan kan layi da na offline akan ODF ta hanyar tsalle-tsalle masu ƙarfi; OTN kamar SDH ne (nau'ikan hanyoyin sadarwa daban-daban), tare da aikin haɗin giciye (ko dai haɗin giciye ne na layin lantarki ko layin gani).
Tare da ci gaba da hanzarta tsarin DUK IP, a halin yanzu, ba tare da la'akari da tushen ƙasa ba, tushen lardi ko tsarin WDM na gida, OTN shine babban abin da ake amfani da shi wajen zaɓar kayan aiki a matakin farko na gina hanyar sadarwa. Kayan aikin OTN sun maye gurbin kayan aikin DWDM a hankali tare da fa'idodinsa na musamman (Kamar kayan aikin SDH da ke maye gurbin kayan aikin PDH). A matsayin sabuwar fasaha da sabon nau'in samfura, OTN ta zama abin da masana'antar yanzu ke mayar da hankali a kai. Wannan labarin zai yi nazari da kwatanta kayan aikin DWDM, OTN da fasaha.
1 Manufofi na asali na DWDM da OTN
Tare da canjin buƙatun sabis da girman girma, ya zama dole a ninka ayyukan manyan-granularity ta hanyar zare na gani (zare ɗaya ko zare biyu) sannan a raba su zuwa nau'ikan tsawon rai daban-daban don watsawa mai nisa. Fasahar ninka-rabi ta rarraba tsawon rai tana fitowa kamar yadda lokaci ya buƙata.
DWDM wani nau'in ninkawa ne na rarraba tsawon rai (Maɓallin Rarraba Tsawon Rai), wanda ke ninkawa siginar gani na tsawon rai daban-daban zuwa cikin zare ɗaya don watsawa. Fasahar WDM fasaha ce ta rarraba tsawon rai ta gargajiya wacce ta girma fiye da shekaru goma. Ana iya raba ta zuwa ƙayyadaddun bayanai guda biyu: yawan ninkawa na rabuwar tsawon rai (CWDM), tare da babban tazara na tsawon rai (20nm); yawan ninkawa na rabuwar tsawon rai (DWDM), tare da ƙaramin tazara na tsawon rai (ƙasa da ko daidai yake da 0.8nm). Saboda ɗan gajeren nisan watsawa na CWDM, ana tura adadi mai yawa na na'urorin DWDM a cikin hanyoyin sadarwa na watsawa na masu aiki daban-daban.
Tsarin DWDM mai buɗewa ya ƙunshi sassa masu zuwa: OTM yana kammala lodawa da sauke ayyuka don tashar tashar layin gani, OA yana kammala aikin ƙara girman relay na gani mai tsabta na siginar mai yawa don tashar ƙara girman layin gani, kuma OTU yana kammala hasken siginar mai tsayi mara daidaituwa don dacewa da aikin canza tsawon tsayi na G .694.1(2) na hasken siginar mai tsayi na yau da kullun, OMU/ODU: yana kammala ninkawa/ƙaddamar da hasken siginar mai tsayi na G.694.1(2), OBA (ƙara ƙarfin wutar lantarki) yana inganta ƙarfin haɗakar siginar gani ta hanyar ƙaruwa, ta haka yana ƙara ƙarfin fitarwa na gani na kowane tsayi, kuma OPA (ƙara girman kafin lokaci) yana inganta ƙarfin karɓar kowane tsayi ta hanyar ƙara ƙarfin gani na siginar mai yawa.
OTN wata cibiyar sadarwa ce ta sufuri ta gani (Optical Transport Network), wacce aka fi sani da OTH (Optical Transport Heerarchy) a cikin ITU-T. An haɓaka ta ne bisa ga rabe-raben tsayi na gargajiya kuma ta haɗa fa'idodin DWDM da SDH. Tana haɗa fa'idodin yankin gani da sarrafa yanki na lantarki, tana ba da babban ƙarfin watsawa, haɗin tsayin tsayi/ƙasa-ƙasa da kariyar matakin jigilar kaya, kuma kyakkyawar fasaha ce don watsa manyan ayyukan barbashi masu yawa. A cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata, masu aiki sun tura kayan aikin OTN akan babban sikelin a cikin hanyoyin sadarwa daban-daban na watsawa.
2 Kwatanta halayen fasaha na DWDM da OTN
Duk da cewa tsarin DWDM yana inganta ingancin watsawa na zare na gani sosai kuma yana tallafawa watsa manyan ayyuka na granularity, saboda iyakancewar fasahar rarraba tsawon tsayi, ana tsara tsawon tsayi a cikin tsari mai ma'ana-zuwa-maki kuma ba za a iya daidaita shi da ƙarfi ba. Yawan amfani da albarkatu ba shi da yawa, kuma sassaucin daidaitawar sabis bai isa ba. Gudun kasuwanci ya canza, kuma yana da matukar wahala a daidaita. Jadawalin tsakanin ayyukan DWDM galibi shine jadawalin zahiri akan ODF. Gudanar da hanyar sadarwa yana sa ido ne kawai kan aikin layin gani (bait ɗin sarrafa hanyar sadarwa kaɗan ne kuma bayanan kula da hanyar sadarwa suna da sauƙi), kuma akwai ƙananan hanyoyin magance matsaloli da wahalar kulawa mai yawa.
OTN ta gaji aikin watsawa mai girman girma na DWDM kuma tana da damar tsarawa da kariya daga haɗin gwiwa na optoelectronic mai sassauƙa. Ta hanyar gabatar da fasahar ROADM, fasahar OTH, ɓoyewa da tsarin sarrafawa na G.709, yana magance matsalar hanyoyin sadarwa na WDM na gargajiya ba tare da damar tsarawa/tsarin sabis na raƙuman ruwa ba. , Ƙarfin hanyar sadarwa mara ƙarfi, ƙarfin kariya mai rauni da sauran matsaloli. Tsarin lantarki yana aiwatar da tsarawa bisa ga ƙananan raƙuman ruwa (kamar GE, 2.5G, 10G, 40G, 100G), kuma jadawalin layin gani galibi ya dogara ne akan raƙuman ruwa na 10G, 40G ko 100G, tare da amfani da babban bandwidth; yana da byte mai yawa na sama, kuma aikin OAM ɗinsa /P ya fi WDM ƙarfi.
Bugu da ƙari, ana iya amfani da OTN da DWDM a matsayin haɗin kai a kan layin gani, bambancin shine cewa OTN yana da ƙaramin layin lantarki. Saboda haka, wasu na'urorin DWDM akan hanyar sadarwa da ke akwai ana ƙara su da ƙananan firam ɗin haɗin lantarki kuma ana haɓaka su zuwa OTN.
Kwatanta hanyar sadarwa ta DWDM da OTN 3
Haɗin OTN da DWDM zai rasa fa'idodin OTN (tsarin firam ɗin ya bambanta da WDM na gargajiya, kuma haɗin zai yi tasiri).
Tunda haɗin haɗin OTN na gani galibi ana aiwatar da shi ne ta hanyar module na ROADM (wanda aka ɗora da maɓallin WSS), idan aka yi la'akari da tsadar ROADM, ana amfani da OM/OD da OADM don ƙirƙirar hanyar sadarwa ta zobe da hanyar sadarwa ta sarka a cikin hanyar sadarwar OTN.
Ga hanyoyin sadarwa masu sarka (kamar layukan akwati masu nisa), fa'idodin OTN ba lallai bane su bayyana cikakke saboda ingantattun ayyuka da hanyoyin kariya, amma har yanzu akwai fa'idodi a wasu fannoni (ingancin tashoshi mai yawa yana haifar da ƙarancin farashi fiye da WDM na gargajiya), hanyar sadarwa ta akwati ta yanzu galibi tana amfani da DWDM da OTN don haɗin yanar gizo mai haɗuwa.
Ga hanyar sadarwar gida, tunda ana buƙatar haɗawa da ayyuka akai-akai, ana sauya tsarin hanyar sadarwa akai-akai kuma ana tsara shi, kuma ana buƙatar canza hanyar kariya cikin sassauƙa, dole ne WDM ta gargajiya ta kasa yin hakan. Fa'idodin amfani da hanyar sadarwar OTN a bayyane suke.
OTN tana ba da damar sarrafa kowane tsawon rai akan kowace zare, kuma OTN na iya daidaitawa da kyau ga ci gaban hanyar sadarwa ta gaba.
Kwatanta Ayyukan DWDM da OTN
Bukatar haɗakar wutar lantarki ta OTN ta samo asali ne daga fitowar ƙimar 10G mai zango ɗaya. Lokacin da tashar ta kai 10G, OTU ɗinta na iya ɗaukar 4*2.5G ko GE 8 zuwa 9; DWDM ta rungumi hanyar ma'ana-zuwa-ma'ana. Idan buƙatar sabis ɗin ta yi ƙanƙanta, jarin OTU ya zama kamar ɓatarwa. Don haka, ya zama dole a gabatar da aikin haɗakar wutar lantarki kamar SDH akan DWDM, don haɓaka aikin haɗakar wutar lantarki na OTN.
OTN yana da ikon haɗa wutar lantarki, wato, ikon haɗa ƙananan na'urori a kowace tasha (kamar SDH). A lokaci guda, haɗin haɗa hasken haske da haɗin wutar lantarki ba su da alaƙa da juna. Idan akwai ikon haɗa hasken haske amma babu haɗin wutar lantarki, ko haɗin wutar lantarki ba tare da haɗin wutar lantarki ba, ana iya kiransa OTN.
Saboda bambance-bambancen da ke cikin samfuran ginin hanyar sadarwa (kuɗi, barbashi na sabis da kuma hanyar kwarara), galibi ana amfani da hanyar haɗuwa ta lantarki a China, kuma galibi ana amfani da hanyar haɗuwa ta gani a ƙasashen waje.
5 Kammalawa
Ta hanyar bincike da kwatantawa da ke sama, za a iya ganin cewa OTN da DWDM sun bambanta sosai dangane da fasaha da aikace-aikace. Daga mahangar ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, girman sabis da sassaucin hanyar sadarwa, OTN yana da ƙarfi sosai kuma zai iya biyan buƙatun haɗin hanyar sadarwa na gaba.
Saboda bayyanannen tsarin watsa shirye-shiryen OTN, ƙarfin gyara kurakurai mai ƙarfi, ƙarfin tsara jadawalin gani/lantarki mai sassauƙa, ikon kula da kulawa da kuma iyawar kayan aiki (kayan aiki 80*100G yanzu an fara tallata su), hanyoyin sadarwa daban-daban Gabatar da kayan aikin OTN ya zama dole.
Lokacin Saƙo: Oktoba-25-2022