I-DWDM kunye ne-OTN ziinkqubo ezimbini zobugcisa eziphuhliswe yiteknoloji yokudlulisa i-wavelength division kwiminyaka yakutshanje: I-DWDM inokujongwa njenge-PDH yangaphambili (ukudluliselwa kwe-point-to-point), kwaye iinkonzo ze-intanethi neze-intanethi zigqitywa kwi-ODF ngokusebenzisa ii-hard jumpers; I-OTN ifana ne-SDH (iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeNethiwekhi), enomsebenzi wokunxibelelana okunqamlezileyo (nokuba kukunxibelelana okunqamlezileyo komaleko wombane okanye umaleko obonakalayo).
Ngokukhawuleziswa okuqhubekayo kwenkqubo ye-ALL IP, okwangoku, nokuba yi-backbone yesizwe, i-backbone yephondo okanye inkqubo yenethiwekhi yendawo ye-WDM, i-OTN yeyona nto iphambili xa kukhethwa izixhobo kwinqanaba lokuqala lokwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi. Izixhobo ze-OTN ziye zatshintsha kancinci izixhobo ze-DWDM ngeenzuzo zazo ezikhethekileyo (Ngokufana nezixhobo ze-SDH ezithatha indawo yezixhobo ze-PDH). Njengeteknoloji entsha kunye nohlobo lwemveliso entsha, i-OTN iye yaba yinto ephambili kushishino lwangoku. Eli nqaku liza kuhlalutya kwaye lithelekise izixhobo ze-DWDM, ze-OTN kunye netekhnoloji.
1 Iingcamango ezisisiseko ze-DWDM kunye ne-OTN
Ngenxa yotshintsho lweemfuno zenkonzo kunye nobuninzi, kuyimfuneko ukuphinda-phinda iinkonzo ze-large-granularity ngokusebenzisa ii-optical fibers (i-single-fiber okanye i-dual-fiber) uze uzahlule zibe zii-wavelengths ezahlukeneyo zokuhambisa umgama omde. Itekhnoloji yokuphinda-phinda ukwahlulwa kwe-wavelength division iyavela njengoko amaxesha edinga.
I-DWDM yi-wavelength division multiplexing (i-Wavelength Division Multiplexing), edibanisa imiqondiso ye-optical yee-wavelengths ezahlukeneyo kwi-fiber efanayo yokudlulisela. Itekhnoloji ye-WDM yitekhnoloji yendabuko yokusasaza ii-wavelength evuthiweyo kakhulu kangangeminyaka engaphezu kweshumi. Ingohlulwa ibe ziinkcukacha ezimbini: i-sparse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM), ene-large wavelength interval (20nm); i-dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM), ene-large wavelength interval encinci (ngaphantsi okanye ilingana ne-0.8nm). Ngenxa yomgama omfutshane wokudlulisela we-CWDM, inani elikhulu lezixhobo ze-DWDM zisetyenziswa kwiinethiwekhi zokudlulisela ezikhoyo zabaqhubi abahlukeneyo.
Inkqubo ye-DWDM evulekileyo inala macandelo alandelayo: I-OTM igqibezela ukulayisha nokukhupha inkonzo yesikhululo sesiphelo se-optical line, i-OA igqibezela inkqubo yokukhulisa i-relay ye-optical ecocekileyo yesignali ye-multiplexed yesikhululo sokukhulisa umgca we-optical, kwaye i-OTU igqibezela isibane se-wavelength esingesiso esisemgangathweni ukuhlangabezana nomsebenzi wokuguqula ubude be-wavelength ye-G .694.1(2) yesibane se-wavelength esiqhelekileyo, i-OMU/ODU: igqibezela i-multiplexing/demultiplexing yesibane se-wavelength esisisigxina se-G.694.1(2), i-OBA (power amplifier) iphucula amandla esignali ye-optical edibeneyo ngokunyusa i-, ngaloo ndlela inyusa amandla e-optical ephumayo ye-wavelength nganye, kwaye i-OPA (pre-amplification) iphucula uvakalelo lokwamkela ubude be-wavelength nganye ngokunyusa amandla e-optical esignali ye-multiplexed engenisiweyo.
I-OTN yiNethiwekhi yoThutho oluBonisayo (iNethiwekhi yoThutho oluBonisayo), eyaziwa ngokuba yi-OTH (uLawulo loThutho oluBonisayo) kwi-ITU-T. Yaphuhliswa ngokusekelwe kulwahlulo lwe-wavelength yendabuko kwaye yadibanisa iingenelo ze-DWDM kunye ne-SDH. Idibanisa iingenelo ze-optical domain kunye ne-electrical domain processing, ibonelela ngomthamo omkhulu wothumelo, uqhagamshelo olucacileyo olupheleleyo lwe-wavelength/sub-wavelength ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni kunye nokhuseleko lwenqanaba lomthwali, kwaye yitekhnoloji ebalaseleyo yothumelo lweenkonzo ze-broadband large-particle. Kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo, abaqhubi basebenzise izixhobo ze-OTN ngomlinganiselo omkhulu kwiinethiwekhi ezahlukeneyo zothumelo.
2 Ukuthelekiswa kweempawu zobugcisa ze-DWDM kunye ne-OTN
Nangona inkqubo ye-DWDM iphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kokudluliselwa kweefayibha ze-optical kwaye ixhasa ukuhanjiswa kweenkonzo ezinkulu ze-granularity, ngenxa yokuthintelwa kwetekhnoloji yokwahlulahlula ubude be-wavelength, ubude be-wavelength bucwangciswe ngendlela ye-point-to-point kwaye abunakulungiswa ngokuguquguqukayo. Izinga lokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo aliphezulu, kwaye ukuguquguquka kokulungiswa kwenkonzo akwanelanga. Ukuhamba kweshishini kutshintshile, kwaye kunzima kakhulu ukukulungisa. Ucwangciso phakathi kweenkonzo ze-DWDM lujolise kakhulu kwishedyuli ebonakalayo kwi-ODF. Ulawulo lwenethiwekhi lujonga kuphela ukusebenza komaleko we-optical (ii-byte zolawulo lwenethiwekhi zimbalwa kwaye ulwazi lolawulo lwenethiwekhi lulula), kwaye zimbalwa iindlela zokusombulula iingxaki kunye nobunzima obukhulu bokulungisa.
I-OTN ifumana ilifa lomsebenzi wokudlulisa amandla amakhulu we-DWDM kwaye inamandla okucwangcisa kunye nokukhusela adibeneyo e-optoelectronic. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-ROADM, ubuchwepheshe be-OTH, i-G.709 encapsulation kunye ne-control plane, isombulula ingxaki yenethiwekhi zemveli ze-WDM ezingenamandla okucwangcisa inkonzo ye-wavelength/sub-wavelength. , Amandla okunxibelelana abuthathaka, amandla okukhusela abuthathaka kunye neminye imiba. Umaleko wombane usebenzisa ucwangciso olusekwe kubude be-wavelengths (ezifana ne-GE, 2.5G, 10G, 40G, 100G particles), kwaye ucwangciso lwe-optical layer lusekwe kakhulu kubude be-wavelengths be-10G, 40G okanye 100G, kunye nokusetyenziswa okuphezulu kwe-bandwidth; inee-bytes ezininzi ze-overhead, kwaye umsebenzi wayo we-OAM /P unamandla kune-WDM.
Ukongeza, i-OTN kunye ne-DWDM zingasetyenziswa ngokufanayo kwi-optical layer, umahluko kukuba i-OTN ine-subframe ye-electric layer. Ke ngoko, ezinye izixhobo ze-DWDM kwinethiwekhi ekhoyo zongezwa ngee-sub-frames ze-elektroniki ezidityanisiweyo kwaye ziphuculwe kwi-OTN.
3 Uthelekiso lwenethiwekhi ye-DWDM kunye ne-OTN
Uthungelwano oluxutyiweyo lwe-OTN kunye ne-DWDM luya kulahlekelwa ziingenelo ze-OTN (ulwakhiwo lwesakhelo lwahlukile kwi-WDM yesiqhelo, kwaye uqhagamshelo luya kuba nefuthe).
Ekubeni i-OTN optical cross-connect isetyenziswa kakhulu yi-ROADM module (efakwe i-WSS switch), xa kujongwa ixabiso eliphezulu le-ROADM, i-OM/OD kunye ne-OADM zisetyenziselwa ukwenza inethiwekhi yeringi kunye nenethiwekhi yeketanga kwinethiwekhi ye-OTN.
Kwiinethiwekhi ezibotshelelweyo (ezifana neentambo ze-trunk ezikude), iingenelo ze-OTN azibonakali ngokupheleleyo ngenxa yeenkonzo eziphakathi ezizinzileyo kunye neendlela zokukhusela, kodwa kusekho iingenelo kwezinye iinkalo (ukusebenza kakuhle kwetshaneli kukhokelela kwiindleko eziphantsi kune-WDM yesiqhelo), inethiwekhi ye-trunk yangoku isebenzisa kakhulu i-DWDM kunye ne-OTN kwinethiwekhi ebekwe ngaphezulu.
Kwinethiwekhi yasekuhlaleni, ekubeni iinkonzo kufuneka ziqhagamshelwe rhoqo, ulwakhiwo lwenethiwekhi luhlala lutshintshwa kwaye lucwangcisiwe, kwaye indlela yokukhusela kufuneka itshintshwa ngendlela eguquguqukayo, i-WDM yendabuko kufuneka ingakwazi ukwenza njalo. Iingenelo zokusebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-OTN ziyabonakala.
I-OTN inika amandla okulawula ubude bomda ngamnye kwifayibha nganye, kwaye i-OTN inokuziqhelanisa ngcono nophuhliso lwenethiwekhi yexesha elizayo.
4 Uthelekiso lweeNkonzo ze-DWDM kunye ne-OTN Bearer
Imfuno ye-OTN electrical crossover ivela ekuveleni kwesantya se-single-wave 10G. Xa itshaneli ifikelela kwi-10G, i-OTU yayo inokuthwala i-4 * 2.5G okanye i-8 ukuya kwi-9 GEs; i-DWDM isebenzisa indlela ye-point-to-point. Ukuba imfuno yenkonzo incinci, utyalo-mali lwe-OTU lubonakala luchitha imali. Ngenxa yoku, kuyimfuneko ukwazisa umsebenzi we-cross-connect ofana ne-SDH kwi-DWDM, ukuze kuphuhliswe umsebenzi we-electron cross-connect we-OTN.
I-OTN inamandla okuwela umbane, oko kukuthi, amandla okuwela umbane angaphantsi kwesantya ngasinye (njenge-SDH). Kwangaxeshanye, uqhagamshelo lwe-optical cross kunye noqhagamshelo lwe-electrical cross azixhomekekanga. Ukuba kukho amandla okuwela umbane kodwa akukho qhagamshelo lwe-electrical cross, okanye uqhagamshelo lwe-electrical cross ngaphandle koqhagamshelo lwe-optical cross, ingabizwa ngokuba yi-OTN.
Ngenxa yokwahluka kwiimodeli zokwakha inethiwekhi (ixabiso, isuntswana yenkonzo kunye necala lokuhamba), indlela ye-electrical crossover isetyenziswa kakhulu eTshayina, kwaye indlela ye-optical crossover isetyenziswa kakhulu kwamanye amazwe.
5 Isiphelo
Ngohlalutyo nothelekiso olungentla, kunokubonwa ukuba i-OTN kunye ne-DWDM zahluke kakhulu ngokwetekhnoloji kunye nokusetyenziswa. Ngokwembono yomthamo woqhagamshelo olunqamlezileyo, ubuncinci benkonzo kunye nokuguquguquka kwenethiwekhi, i-OTN inamandla kakhulu kwaye inokuhlangabezana ngcono neemfuno zoqhagamshelo olunqamlezileyo lwenethiwekhi kwixesha elizayo.
Ngenxa yokucaca kokudluliselwa kwenkonzo yenkqubo ye-OTN, amandla okulungisa iimpazamo aqinileyo, amandla okuhlela iileya zombane/zokukhanya aguquguqukayo, amandla okulawula ukugcinwa kunye nokwandiswa kwamandla ezixhobo (izixhobo ze-80 * 100G ngoku ziyathengiswa), iinethiwekhi ezahlukeneyo zokudluliselwa Ukungeniswa kwezixhobo ze-OTN kuye kwaba yinto engenakuphepheka.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Okthobha-25-2022