Ntlha ea pele, OLT ke mochine oa optical line, 'me ONU ke optical network unit (ONU).Ka bobeli ke lisebelisoa tsa khokahano ea marang-rang ea optical transmission.Ke li-module tse peli tse hlokahalang ho PON: PON (Passive Optical Network: Passive Optical Network).PON (passive optical network) e bolela hore (network optical distribution network) ha e na lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki le lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tsa elektroniki.ODN kaofela e entsoe ka lisebelisoa tse sa sebetseng joalo ka li-splitter tsa optical (Splitter) mme ha e hloke lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse sebetsang tse turang.Khokahano ea marang-rang e kenyelletsang "Optical Line Terminal" (OLT) e kentsoeng setsing sa taolo se bohareng, le sehlopha sa li-unit tsa marang-rang tsa boemo ba pele (ONUs) tse kentsoeng sebakeng sa mosebelisi.The optical distribution network (ODN) pakeng tsa OLT le ONU e na le likhoele tsa optical le passive optical splitters kapa couplers.
Router (Router) ke sesebelisoa se hokahanyang marang-rang a fapaneng a sebaka sa lehae le marang-rang a sebaka se pharaletseng a Marang-rang.E ikhethela le ho beha litsela ho latela maemo a kanale, 'me e romela matšoao ka tsela e nepahetseng le ka tatellano.Router ke setsi sa Marang-rang, "mapolesa a sephethephethe."Hona joale, li-routers li 'nile tsa sebelisoa haholo likarolong tsohle tsa bophelo,' me lihlahisoa tse sa tšoaneng tsa lihlopha tse fapaneng li fetohile matla a ka sehloohong a ho lemoha mekhoa e sa tšoaneng ea marang-rang a marang-rang a marang-rang, marang-rang a marang-rang a marang-rang, le marang-rang a marang-rang le litšebeletso tsa marang-rang a marang-rang.Phapang e ka sehloohong pakeng tsa ho tsamaisa le ho fetoha ke hore li-switches li etsahala karolong ea bobeli ea mohlala oa OSI (data link layer), ha mokhoa oa ho tsamaisa o hlaha karolong ea boraro, marang-rang.Phapang ena e etsa qeto ea hore ho tsamaisa le ho fetola ho hloka ho sebelisa boitsebiso bo fapaneng ba taolo nakong ea ho tsamaisa tlhahisoleseding, kahoo litsela tse peli tsa ho finyella mesebetsi ea tsona li fapane.
Router (Router), e tsejoang hape e le sesebelisoa sa heke (Gateway), e sebelisoa ho hokahanya marang-rang a mangata a arohaneng ka mokhoa o utloahalang.Seo ho thoeng ke marang-rang a utloahalang a emela marang-rang a le mong kapa subnet.Ha data e fetisoa ho tloha subnet e 'ngoe ho ea ho e' ngoe, e ka etsoa ka ts'ebetso ea ho tsamaisa router.Ka hona, router e na le mosebetsi oa ho ahlola aterese ea marang-rang le ho khetha tsela ea IP.E ka theha likhokahano tse feto-fetohang tikolohong ea khokahano ea marang-rang a mangata.E ka hokahanya li-subnet tse fapaneng tse nang le lipakete tse fapaneng tsa data le mekhoa ea phihlello ea media.Router e amohela feela seteishene sa mohloli kapa Boitsebiso ba li-routers tse ling ke mofuta oa lisebelisoa tse hokahaneng lera la marang-rang.
Nako ea poso: Aug-20-2021