Ua ntej, OLT yog lub davhlau ya nyob twg optical kab, thiab ONU yog lub chaw teeb tsa optical network (ONU). Lawv ob leeg yog cov khoom siv sib txuas network optical kis. Nws yog ob lub modules tsim nyog hauv PON: PON (Passive Optical Network: Passive Optical Network). PON (passive optical network) txhais tau tias (optical distribution network) tsis muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. ODN yog txhua yam tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv passive xws li optical splitters (Splitter) thiab tsis xav tau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kim heev. Lub network optical passive suav nrog lub davhlau ya nyob twg optical kab (OLT) ntsia ntawm qhov chaw tswj hwm hauv nruab nrab, thiab ib pawg ntawm thawj theem sib phim optical network units (ONUs) ntsia ntawm qhov chaw siv. Lub network optical distribution (ODN) ntawm OLT thiab ONU muaj cov fibers optical thiab passive optical splitters lossis couplers.
Router (Router) yog ib lub cuab yeej uas txuas rau ntau lub network hauv zos thiab cov network dav hauv Is Taws Nem. Nws xaiv thiab teeb tsa cov kev raws li cov xwm txheej ntawm cov channel, thiab xa cov cim hauv txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws thiab raws li kev txiav txim. Lub router yog lub hauv paus ntawm Is Taws Nem, "tub ceev xwm tsheb khiav." Tam sim no, cov routers tau siv dav hauv txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub neej, thiab ntau yam khoom ntawm ntau qib tau dhau los ua lub zog tseem ceeb hauv kev ua tiav ntau yam kev sib txuas sab hauv network, kev sib txuas network backbone, thiab kev pabcuam sib txuas network thiab Is Taws Nem backbone. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev routing thiab switches yog tias cov switches tshwm sim ntawm txheej thib ob ntawm OSI qauv siv (txheej txuas ntaub ntawv), thaum kev routing tshwm sim ntawm txheej thib peb, txheej network. Qhov sib txawv no txiav txim siab tias kev routing thiab lub switch yuav tsum siv cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm sib txawv hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txav cov ntaub ntawv, yog li ob txoj hauv kev los ua tiav lawv cov haujlwm sib txawv.
Router (Router), tseem hu ua lub rooj vag (Gateway), yog siv los txuas ntau lub network sib cais. Lub network hu ua sawv cev rau ib lub network lossis subnet. Thaum cov ntaub ntawv raug xa los ntawm ib lub subnet mus rau lwm qhov, nws tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub router. Yog li ntawd, lub router muaj lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev txiav txim siab qhov chaw nyob hauv network thiab xaiv txoj kev IP. Nws tuaj yeem tsim kev sib txuas yooj ywm hauv ntau lub network sib txuas. Nws tuaj yeem txuas ntau lub subnets nrog cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv kiag li thiab cov txheej txheem nkag mus rau xov xwm. Lub router tsuas yog lees txais qhov chaw nres tsheb lossis cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lwm lub routers yog ib hom khoom siv sib txuas ntawm lub network txheej.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Yim Hli-20-2021