Chekutanga, OLT ichiteshi chemagetsi chemagetsi, uye ONU iyuniti yemagetsi yemagetsi (ONU). Ose ari maviri mamodule anodiwa muPON: PON (Passive Optical Network: Passive Optical Network). PON (passive optical network) zvinoreva kuti (network yekugovera magetsi) haina michina yemagetsi uye magetsi emagetsi. ODN yese inoumbwa nemidziyo isingashande senge optical splitters (Splitter) uye haidi michina yemagetsi inoshanda inodhura. Network isingashande inosanganisira optical line terminal (OLT) yakaiswa pachiteshi chekutonga chepakati, uye batch ye first-level matching optical network units (ONUs) yakaiswa panzvimbo yemushandisi. Network yekugovera magetsi (ODN) pakati peOLT neONU ine optical fibers uye passive optical splitters kana couplers.
Router (Router) chishandiso chinobatanidza kune akasiyana ma network emunharaunda uye network dzenzvimbo dzakafara muInternet. Inosarudza otomatiki uye inoisa nzira zvichienderana nemamiriro echiteshi, uye inotumira masaini nenzira yakanakisa uye yakarongeka. Router ndiyo musimboti weInternet, "mapurisa emigwagwa." Parizvino, ma routers ave achishandiswa zvakanyanya mumativi ese ehupenyu, uye zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvemhando dzakasiyana zvave simba guru mukuita akasiyana backbone network internal connections, backbone network interconnections, uye backbone network uye internet interconnection services. Musiyano mukuru pakati perouting ne switches ndewekuti switches dzinoitika pachikamu chechipiri cheOSI reference model (data link layer), nepo routing ichiitika pachikamu chechitatu, network layer. Musiyano uyu unoratidza kuti routing ne switch zvinofanirwa kushandisa ruzivo rwakasiyana rwekutonga mukufambisa ruzivo, saka nzira mbiri dzekuzadzisa mabasa adzo dzakasiyana.
Router (Router), inozivikanwawo segateway device (Gateway), inoshandiswa kubatanidza network dzakawanda dzakaparadzaniswa zvine musoro. Iyo inonzi logical network inomiririra network imwe chete kana subnet. Kana data richitumirwa kubva kune imwe subnet kuenda kune imwe, rinogona kuitwa kuburikidza nebasa rerouting re router. Nokudaro, router ine basa rekutonga kero yenetwork uye kusarudza nzira yeIP. Inogona kugadzira flexible connections munzvimbo ine multi-network interconnection. Inogona kubatanidza subnet dzakasiyana siyana nema data packets akasiyana zvachose uye nzira dzekuwana media. Router inongogamuchira source station chete kana Ruzivo rwemamwe ma routers rudzi rwemichina yakabatana pa network layer.
Nguva yekutumira: Nyamavhuvhu-20-2021