Indlela yokusebenzisa ukukhanya ukudlulisa ulwazi kunokuthiwa inembali ende.
I-"Beacon Tower" yanamhlanje ivumele abantu ukuba bafumane ithuba lokudlulisa ulwazi ngokukhanya. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela yonxibelelwano lwangaphambili lwe-optical isemva kakhulu, inqunyelwe ngumgama wokudlulisela obonakalayo emehlweni, kwaye ukuthembeka akuphezulu. Ngenxa yeemfuno zophuhliso lokudlulisela ulwazi loluntu, ukuzalwa konxibelelwano lwanamhlanje lwe-optical kuye kwakhuthazwa ngakumbi.
Qalisa ubuchwepheshe banamhlanje bonxibelelwano lwe-optical
Ngowe-1800, uAlexander Graham Bell wasungula "ifowuni ye-optical."
Ngowe-1966, uGao Kun waseBritane-waseTshayina wacebisa ithiyori yokudluliselwa kwefayibha ye-optical, kodwa ngelo xesha ilahleko yefayibha ye-optical yayiphezulu njenge-1000dB/km.
Ngo-1970, uphando nophuhliso lweteknoloji ye-laser ye-quartz fiber kunye ne-semiconductor lwanciphisa ukulahleka kwefayibha ukuya kwi-20dB/km, kwaye amandla e-laser aphezulu, ukuthembeka kuqinile.
Ngo-1976, uphuhliso oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji yefayibha ye-optical lwanciphisa ilahleko nge-0.47dB/km, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ilahleko yesixhobo sokudlulisa idatha yayisombululiwe, nto leyo eyakhuthaza uphuhliso olunamandla lwetekhnoloji yokudlulisa idatha ye-optical.
Hlaziya imbali yophuhliso lwenethiwekhi yothumelo
Inethiwekhi yothumelo idlule iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amane. Ngamafutshane, inamava e-PDH, SDH/MSTP,
Uphuhliso lobuchwepheshe kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha ze-WDM/OTN kunye ne-PeOTN.
Isizukulwana sokuqala seenethiwekhi ezinxibelelanayo ezibonelela ngeenkonzo zelizwi sasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-PDH (Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy).
Isizukulwana sesibini sibonelela ngeenkonzo zokufikelela kwiWebhu kunye nemigca enikezelweyo yeTDM, kusetyenziswa itekhnoloji ye-SD (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy)/MSTP (Multi-Service Transport Platform).
Isizukulwana sesithathu saqala ukuxhasa uqhagamshelo lweenkonzo zevidiyo kunye namaziko edatha, sisebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing, Wavelength Division Multiplexing)/OTN (Optical Transmission Network, Optical Transmission Network).
Isizukulwana sesine siqinisekisa amava evidiyo ekumgangatho ophezulu ye-4K kunye namava omgca wabucala osemgangathweni, kusetyenziswa itekhnoloji yePeOTN (Packet enhancedOTN, packet enhanced OTN).
Kwinqanaba lokuqala lophuhliso lwezizukulwana ezimbini zokuqala, kwiinkonzo zelizwi, ukufikelela kwi-intanethi yewebhu kunye neenkonzo zomgca wabucala we-TDM, ezimelwe yitekhnoloji yedijithali ye-SDH/MSTP ehambelanayo, ixhasa ii-interfaces ezininzi ezifana ne-Ethernet, i-ATM/IMA, njl.njl., kwaye inokuqhagamshela ii-CBR/VBR ezahlukeneyo. Faka iinkonzo kwiifreyimu ze-SDH, wahlukanise ngokwasemzimbeni iipayipi eziqinileyo, kwaye ugxile kwiinkonzo zesantya esiphantsi kunye neenxalenye ezincinci.
Emva kokungena kwinqanaba lophuhliso lwesizukulwana sesithathu, ngokukhula ngokukhawuleza komthamo weenkonzo zonxibelelwano, ngakumbi iinkonzo zokunxibelelana kweevidiyo kunye neziko ledatha, i-bandwidth yenethiwekhi iye yakhawuleziswa. Itekhnoloji yomaleko we-optical emelwe yitekhnoloji ye-WDM yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba ifayibha enye ithwale iinkonzo ezingaphezulu. Ngokukodwa, itekhnoloji ye-DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinethiwekhi ezinkulu zothumelo lwasekhaya, isombulula ngokupheleleyo ingxaki yothumelo. Umba womgama kunye nomthamo we-bandwidth. Xa sijonga ubungakanani bokwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi, i-80x100G iye yaba yeyona nto iphambili kwiintambo ze-trunk ezikude, kwaye iinethiwekhi zasekuhlaleni ze-80x200G kunye neenethiwekhi zedolophu ziye zaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuze kuthwalwe iinkonzo ezidityanisiweyo ezifana neevidiyo kunye nemigca enikezelweyo, inethiwekhi yezothutho esisiseko ifuna ukuguquguquka ngakumbi kunye nobukrelekrele. Ke ngoko, iteknoloji ye-OTN iyavela kancinci kancinci. I-OTN yinkqubo entsha yeteknoloji yokudlulisa i-optical echazwe yi-ITU-T G.872, G.798, G.709 kunye nezinye iiprotokholi. Ibandakanya ulwakhiwo olupheleleyo lwenkqubo yomaleko we-optical kunye nomaleko wombane, kwaye ineenethiwekhi ezihambelanayo kumaleko ngamnye. Indlela yokubeka esweni ulawulo kunye nendlela yokusinda kwenethiwekhi. Xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zokwakha inethiwekhi yasekhaya yangoku, i-OTN ibe ngumgangatho weenethiwekhi zokudlulisa, ngakumbi ekwakhiweni kweenethiwekhi zasekuhlaleni zabaqhubi kunye neenethiwekhi zommandla wedolophu. Iteknoloji ye-OTN esekelwe kwi-crossover yomaleko wombane iyamkelwa ngokusisiseko, kwaye kusetyenziswa uyilo lokwahlulahlula umgca wesebe. , Ukufezekisa ukwahlukana kwecala lenethiwekhi kunye necala lomgca, kuphucula kakhulu ukuguquguquka kwenethiwekhi kunye nokukwazi ukuvula nokuhambisa ngokukhawuleza iinkonzo.
Utshintsho kwinethiwekhi yabathwali egxile kwishishini
Ukukhawuleziswa ngakumbi kotshintsho lwedijithali kuzo zonke iindawo zoqoqosho lwentlalo kuzise uphuhliso olufanayo lweshishini le-ICT kunye noqoqosho lwedijithali, kwaye kukhuthaze kwaye kwabangela utshintsho olukhulu kushishino. Ngokungena kwenani elikhulu lamashishini amatsha kumashishini athe nkqo, amashishini emveli kunye neemodeli zokusebenza kunye neemodeli zoshishino zihlala zakhiwa ngokutsha, kubandakanya: ezezimali, imicimbi karhulumente, ukhathalelo lwezonyango, imfundo, ishishini kunye nezinye iinkalo. Ngokujongene nemfuno ekhulayo yonxibelelwano lweshishini olusemgangathweni ophezulu nolwahlukileyo, ubuchwepheshe bePeOTN buqale ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kancinci kancinci.
·Iileya ze-L0 kunye ne-L1 zibonelela ngeepayipi eziqinileyo "eziqinileyo" ezimelwe yi-wavelength λ kunye ne-sub-channel ODUk. I-bandwidth enkulu kunye nokulibaziseka okuphantsi zezona zibonelelo zayo ziphambili.
·Umaleko we-L2 unokubonelela ngepayipi "ethambileyo" eguquguqukayo. I-bandwidth yepayipi ihambelana ngokupheleleyo nenkonzo kwaye iyatshintsha ngokutshintsha kwetrafikhi yenkonzo. Ukuguquguquka kunye nokufunwa kwayo zezona zibonelelo zayo ziphambili.
Ukudibanisa iingenelo ze-SDH/MSTP/MPLS-TP zokuthwala iinkonzo ezincinci, ukwenza isisombululo senethiwekhi yothutho ye-L0+L1+L2, ukwakha iqonga lothutho lweenkonzo ezininzi i-PeOTN, ukudala umthamo opheleleyo wokuthwala onezakhono ezininzi kwinethiwekhi enye. Ngo-2009, i-ITU-T yandisa amandla okudlulisa e-OTN ukuxhasa iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo kwaye yafaka ngokusemthethweni i-PeOTN kumgangatho.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abaqhubi behlabathi benze imizamo kwimarike yemigca yabucala phakathi kukarhulumente namashishini. Abaqhubi abathathu abakhulu basekhaya baphuhlisa ngenkuthalo ukwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi yabucala phakathi kukarhulumente namashishini e-OTN. Iinkampani zephondo nazo zityale imali eninzi. Okwangoku, abaqhubi benkampani zephondo abangaphezu kwama-30 bavule i-OTN. Inethiwekhi yabucala esemgangathweni ophezulu, kwaye ikhuphe iimveliso zemigca yabucala ezixabisekileyo ezisekelwe kwi-PeOTN, ukukhuthaza inethiwekhi yothutho olubonakalayo ukusuka "kuthungelwano lwezixhobo ezisisiseko" ukuya "kuthungelwano lwabathwali beshishini."
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-04-2021