Mokhoa oa ho sebelisa leseli ho fetisa tlhahisoleseling o ka boleloa o na le nalane e telele.
"Beacon Tower" ea sejoale-joale e lumelletse batho ho ba le boiphihlelo ba ho fetisa tlhahisoleseling ka leseli. Leha ho le joalo, mokhoa ona oa khale oa puisano ea mahlo o sa le morao haholo, o lekanyelitsoe ke sebaka sa phetisetso se bonahalang ka mahlo a hlobotseng, 'me botšepehi ha bo holimo. Ka litlhoko tsa nts'etsopele ea phetisetso ea tlhahisoleseling ea sechaba, tsoalo ea puisano ea mahlo ea sejoale-joale e khothalelitsoe haholoanyane.
Qala theknoloji ea puisano ea optical ea sejoale-joale
Ka 1800, Alexander Graham Bell o ile a qapa "thelefono ea optical."
Ka 1966, Gao Kun oa Brithani-China o ile a hlahisa khopolo-taba ea phetiso ea faeba ea optical, empa ka nako eo tahlehelo ea faeba ea optical e ne e le holimo ho 1000dB/km.
Ka 1970, lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele ea theknoloji ea laser ea quartz fiber le semiconductor li ile tsa fokotsa tahlehelo ea fiber ho 20dB/km, 'me matla a laser a phahame, botšepehi bo matla.
Ka 1976, ntshetsopele e tswelang pele ya theknoloji ya faeba ya optical e ile ya fokotsa tahlehelo ka 0.47dB/km, e leng se bolelang hore tahlehelo ya sehahi sa phetiso e ne e rarollotswe, e leng se ileng sa kgothaletsa ntshetsopele e matla ya theknoloji ya phetiso ya optical.
Hlahloba nalane ea nts'etsopele ea marang-rang a phetisetso
Marangrang a phetisetso a fetile dilemo tse fetang mashome a mane. Ka bokhutšoanyane, a bile le phihlelo ya PDH, SDH/MSTP,
Nts'etsopele ea theknoloji le boqapi ba moloko ba WDM/OTN le PeOTN.
Moloko oa pele oa marang-rang a nang le likhoele ho fana ka lits'ebeletso tsa lentsoe o sebelisitse theknoloji ea PDH (Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy).
Moloko oa bobeli o fana ka lits'ebeletso tsa phihlello ea Web le mela e inehetseng ea TDM, ho sebelisoa theknoloji ea SD (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy)/MSTP (Multi-Service Transport Platform).
Moloko oa boraro o qalile ho tšehetsa khokahano ea lits'ebeletso tsa video le litsi tsa data, ho sebelisoa theknoloji ea WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing, Wavelength Division Multiplexing)/OTN (Optical Transmission Network, Optical Transmission Network).
Moloko oa bone o netefatsa boiphihlelo ba video ea boleng bo holimo ea 4K le mohala oa poraefete oa boleng bo holimo, o sebelisa theknoloji ea PeOTN (Packet enhancedOTN, packet enhanced OTN).
Mokhahlelong oa pele oa nts'etsopele ea meloko e 'meli ea pele, bakeng sa lits'ebeletso tsa lentsoe, phihlello ea Inthanete ea Web le lits'ebeletso tsa mohala oa poraefete oa TDM, tse emeloang ke theknoloji ea sistimi ea dijithale ea SDH/MSTP e lumellanang, e tšehetsa li-interface tse ngata tse kang Ethernet, ATM/IMA, jj., 'me e ka hokela CBR/VBR e fapaneng. Kenya lits'ebeletso ka har'a liforeimi tsa SDH, arola liphaephe tse thata ka 'mele, 'me u tsepamise maikutlo lits'ebeletsong tsa lebelo le tlase le tsa likaroloana tse nyane.
Kamora ho kena mohatong oa nts'etsopele ea moloko oa boraro, ka kholo e potlakileng ea bokhoni ba litšebeletso tsa puisano, haholo-holo lits'ebeletso tsa khokahano ea video le setsi sa data, bandwidth ea marang-rang e potlakisitsoe. Theknoloji ea lera la optical e emeloang ke theknoloji ea WDM e etsa hore ho khonehe hore faeba e le 'ngoe e jare lits'ebeletso tse ling. Haholo-holo, theknoloji ea DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) e sebelisitsoe haholo marang-rang a maholo a phetisetso ea ts'ebetso ea malapeng, e rarolla bothata ba phetisetso ka botlalo. Taba ea sebaka le bokhoni ba bandwidth. Ha re sheba boholo ba kaho ea marang-rang, 80x100G e se e le eona e ka sehloohong meleng ea li-trunk tsa maeto a malelele, 'me marang-rang a lehae a 80x200G le marang-rang a libaka tsa litoropo a ntlafetse ka potlako.
Bakeng sa ho jara lits'ebeletso tse kopaneng tse kang livideo le mela e inehetseng, marang-rang a lipalangoang a ka tlase a hloka ho tenyetseha le bohlale bo eketsehileng. Ka hona, theknoloji ea OTN e hlaha butle-butle. OTN ke sistimi e ncha ea theknoloji ea phetisetso ea optical e hlalosoang ke ITU-T G.872, G.798, G.709 le liprothokholi tse ling. E kenyelletsa sebopeho se felletseng sa sistimi ea lera la optical le lera la motlakase, 'me e na le marang-rang a tsamaellanang bakeng sa lera ka leng. Mokhoa oa ho beha leihlo tsamaiso le mokhoa oa ho pholoha marang-rang. Ha re sheba mekhoa ea hona joale ea kaho ea marang-rang a lehae, OTN e fetohile tekanyetso ea marang-rang a phetisetso, haholo-holo kahong ea marang-rang a basebetsi ba lehae le marang-rang a sebaka sa litoropo. Theknoloji ea OTN e thehiloeng ho crossover ea lera la motlakase e amoheloa haholo, 'me meralo ea karohano ea mela ea makala ea sebelisoa. , Ho fihlela karohano ea lehlakore la marang-rang le lehlakore la mola, ho ntlafatsa haholo ho tenyetseha ha marang-rang le bokhoni ba ho bula le ho kenya lits'ebeletso kapele.
Phetoho ea marang-rang a bajari a shebaneng le khoebo
Ho potlaka ho eketsehileng ha phetoho ea dijithale libakeng tsohle tsa moruo oa sechaba ho tlisitse nts'etsopele e ts'oanang ea indasteri eohle ea ICT le moruo oa dijithale, 'me ho khothalelitse le ho baka liphetoho tse tebileng indastering. Ka phallo ea likhoebo tse ngata tse ncha indastering e otlolohileng, liindasteri tsa setso le mehlala ea ts'ebetso le mehlala ea khoebo li ntse li tsosolosoa khafetsa, ho kenyeletsoa: lichelete, litaba tsa mmuso, tlhokomelo ea bongaka, thuto, indasteri le masimo a mang. Ka lebaka la tlhoko e ntseng e eketseha ea likhokahano tsa khoebo tsa boleng bo holimo le tse arohaneng, theknoloji ea PeOTN e qalile ho sebelisoa haholo butle-butle.
·Mealo ea L0 le L1 e fana ka liphaephe tse "thata" tse tiileng tse emeloang ke bolelele ba wavelength λ le sub-channel ODUk. Bophara bo boholo le tieho e tlase ke melemo ea eona e meholo.
·Lera la L2 le ka fana ka phaephe e tenyetsehang e "bonolo". Bophara ba phaephe bo tsamaellana ka botlalo le tshebeletso mme bo fetoha ka lebaka la phetoho ya sephethephethe sa tshebeletso. Ho tenyetseha le ha ho batlwa ke melemo ya yona e meholo.
Ho kopanya melemo ea SDH/MSTP/MPLS-TP bakeng sa ho jara lits'ebeletso tsa likaroloana tse nyane, ho theha tharollo ea marang-rang a lipalangoang a L0+L1+L2, ho aha sethala sa lipalangoang sa litšebeletso tse ngata PeOTN, ho theha bokhoni bo felletseng ba ho jara bo nang le bokhoni bo bongata marang-rang a le mong. Ka 2009, ITU-T e ile ea atolosa bokhoni ba phetisetso ea OTN ho ts'ehetsa lits'ebeletso tse fapaneng mme ea kenyelletsa PeOTN semmuso maemong.
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, basebetsi ba lefats'e ba entse boiteko 'marakeng oa mohala oa poraefete oa mmuso le likhoebo. Basebetsi ba bararo ba ka sehloohong ba malapeng ba ntse ba nts'etsapele ka mafolofolo kaho ea marangrang a poraefete a mmuso le likhoebo tsa OTN. Likhamphani tsa provense le tsona li tsetetse haholo. Ho fihlela joale, basebetsi ba lik'hamphani tse fetang 30 tsa provense ba butse OTN. Marangrang a poraefete a boleng bo holimo, 'me a lokollotse lihlahisoa tsa mohala oa poraefete tsa boleng bo holimo tse thehiloeng ho PeOTN, ho khothaletsa marangrang a lipalangoang tsa optical ho tloha "marangrang a mantlha a mehloli" ho ea "marangrang a bajari ba khoebo."
Nako ea poso: Pulungoana-04-2021