1. Kawa haumarutanga whatunga
I roto i ngā whatunga ahokore, kāore e taea te whakanui rawa i te hiranga o te haumarutanga whatunga. He whatunga ahokore te Wifi e āhei ai ngā taputapu me ngā kaiwhakamahi maha ki te hono atu ki te Ipurangi mā te pūwāhi urunga kotahi. He mea noa hoki te whakamahi i te Wifi i ngā wāhi tūmatanui, he iti ake te mana whakahaere mō te hunga ka taea te hono atu ki te whatunga. I roto i ngā whare umanga, me tiaki ngā mōhiohio e tika ana mēnā ka ngana ngā kaipahua kino ki te whakangaro, ki te tahae rānei i ngā raraunga.
E tautoko ana a Wifi 5 i ngā kawa WPA me WPA2 mō ngā hononga haumaru. He whakapainga haumarutanga nui ēnei i runga i te kawa WEP kua tawhito, engari he maha ngā ngoikoretanga me ngā ngoikoretanga o tēnei wā. Ko tētahi o aua ngoikoretanga ko te whakaeke papakupu, ka taea e ngā kaipahua ipurangi te matapae i tō kupuhipa kua whakamunahia mā te maha o ngā nganatanga me ngā huinga.
Kei te Wifi 6 te kawa haumarutanga hou rawa atu, WPA3. Nō reira, ka whakamahia ngā kawa WPA, WPA2, me WPA3 e ngā taputapu e tautoko ana i te Wifi 6 i te wā kotahi. Wifi Protected Access 3 Kua whakapaitia ngā tukanga motuhēhēnga maha-wāhanga me te whakamunatanga. Kei a ia te hangarau OWE e ārai ana i te whakamunatanga aunoa, ā, hei whakamutunga, ka honoa tika ngā waehere OR ka taea te matawai ki te taputapu.
2Te tere o te tuku raraunga
He āhuatanga nui, he āhuatanga whakahihiri hoki te tere, me aro atu ki ngā hangarau hou i mua i te tukunga. He mea nui te tere mō ngā mea katoa e tū ana i runga i te Ipurangi me ngā momo whatunga katoa. Ko te tere ake he poto ake ngā wā tango, he pai ake te rere o ngā raraunga, he tere ake te whakawhiti raraunga, he pai ake te hui ataata me te reo, he tere ake te tirotiro me te maha atu.
Ko te tere whakawhiti raraunga mōrahi o Wifi 5 he 6.9 Gbps. I te ao tūturu, ko te tere whakawhiti raraunga toharite o te paerewa 802.11ac he tata ki te 200Mbps. Ko te tere o te mahi a te paerewa Wifi e whakawhirinaki ana ki te QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation) me te maha o ngā taputapu e hono ana ki tētahi pūwāhi urunga, ki tētahi pouara rānei. Ka whakamahia e Wifi 5 te modulation 256-QAM, he iti iho i te Wifi 6. Hei tāpiri, ka taea e te hangarau Wifi 5 MU-MIMO te hono tahi o ngā taputapu e whā. Ko te tikanga he maha ake ngā taputapu ka noho pukumahi, ka tohatoha hoki i te whānui o te raraunga, ka puhoi ake te tere mō ia taputapu.
He rerekē, he pai ake te Wifi 6 mō te tere, inā koa mēnā he kī tonu te whatunga. Ka whakamahia e ia te whakarerekētanga 1024-QAM mō te tere tuku mōrahi ā-tikanga tae atu ki te 9.6Gbps. Kāore e tino rerekē ngā tere o te wi-fi 5 me te wi-fi 6 i ia taputapu ki ia taputapu. He tere ake tonu te Wifi 6, engari ko te painga tere tūturu ko te wā e honoa ana ngā taputapu maha ki te whatunga Wifi. Kāore e kitea te maha tika o ngā taputapu hono e heke nui ai te tere me te kaha Ipurangi o ngā taputapu me ngā pouara Wifi 5 ina whakamahia ana te Wifi 6.
3. Tikanga hanga kurupae
Ko te hanga hihi he tikanga tuku tohu e tuku ana i te tohu ahokore ki tētahi kaiwhiwhi motuhake, kaua ki te hora i te tohu mai i tētahi atu ahunga. Mā te whakamahi i te hanga hihi, ka taea e te pūwāhi urunga te tuku raraunga tika ki te pūrere, kaua ki te whakapaoho i te tohu ki ngā ahunga katoa. Ehara te hanga hihi i te hangarau hou, ā, he tono kei roto i te Wifi 4 me te Wifi 5. I roto i te paerewa Wifi 5, e whā noa ngā pūihi e whakamahia ana. Heoi, e waru ngā pūihi e whakamahia ana e te Wifi 6. Ko te pai ake o te kaha o te pouara Wifi ki te whakamahi i te hangarau hanga hihi, ko te pai ake o te tere raraunga me te whānuitanga o te tohu.
4. Te Urunga Maha Wehenga Auau Orthogonal (OFDMA)
Ka whakamahia e Wifi 5 tētahi hangarau e kiia nei ko te orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) hei whakahaere urunga whatunga. He tikanga tēnei hei whakahaere i te maha o ngā kaiwhakamahi e uru atu ana ki tētahi kawe iti i tētahi wā motuhake. I roto i te paerewa 802.11ac, ko ngā roopu 20mhz, 40mhz, 80mhz me te 160mhz he 64 ngā kawe iti, 128 ngā kawe iti, 256 ngā kawe iti me te 512 ngā kawe iti. Ka tino whakawhāitihia e tēnei te maha o ngā kaiwhakamahi ka taea te hono atu me te whakamahi i tētahi whatunga Wifi i tētahi wā kua whakaritea.
Ko te Wifi 6 ia, e whakamahi ana i te OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access). Ka whakareatia e te hangarau OFDMA te wāhi kawe iti o nāianei i roto i te roopu auau kotahi. Mā te mahi i tēnei, kāore e hiahiatia ana e ngā kaiwhakamahi te tatari i te rārangi mō tētahi kawe iti kore utu, engari ka taea te kimi ngāwari i tētahi.
Ka tohaina e te OFDMA ngā waeine rauemi rerekē ki ngā kaiwhakamahi maha. E whā ngā wā ka nui ake ngā kaikawe iti e hiahiatia ana e te OFDMA mō ia auau hongere i ngā hangarau o mua. Ko te tikanga tēnei, i roto i ngā hongere 20mhz, 40mhz, 80mhz, me te 160mhz, he 256, 512, 1024, me te 2048 ngā kaikawe iti o te paerewa 802.11ax. Ka whakaitihia e tēnei te pūngao me te whakaroa, ahakoa te hono i ngā taputapu maha. Ka whakapai ake te OFDMA i te pai o te mahi, ka whakaitihia te whakaroa, ka pai mō ngā mahi whānui-iti.
5. Tāurunga maha Kaiwhakamahi maha Putanga maha (MU-MIMO)
Ko te tikanga o MU MIMO ko "maha kaiwhakamahi, maha tāuru, maha putanga". He hangarau ahokore tēnei e āhei ai ngā kaiwhakamahi maha ki te kōrero tahi me te pouara i te wā kotahi. Mai i te Wifi 5 ki te Wifi 6, he tino rerekē te kaha o te MU MIMO.
Ka whakamahia e te Wifi 5 te hononga-iho, kotahi-ara 4×4 MU-MIMO. Ko te tikanga tēnei ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi maha me ngā herenga motuhake te uru atu ki te pouara me te hononga Wifi pumau. Kia hipa te rohe o ngā tukunga tukutahi e 4, ka kīkī te Wifi, ā, ka tīmata te whakaatu i ngā tohu o te kīkī, pērā i te pikinga o te whakaroa, te ngaronga mōkihi, me ētahi atu.
Ka whakamahia e te Wifi 6 te hangarau 8×8 MU MIMO. Ka taea e tēnei te whakahaere i te 8 ngā taputapu e hono ana, me te whakamahi kaha i te LAN ahokore me te kore he pokanoa. Heoi anō, he rua-ara te whakahoutanga Wifi 6 MU MIMO, arā, ka taea e ngā taputapu tāpiri te hono atu ki te pouara i runga i ngā roopu auau maha. Ko te tikanga tēnei he kaha ake ki te tukuake i ngā mōhiohio ki te Ipurangi, me ētahi atu whakamahinga.
6. Ngā Rōpū Auautanga
Ko tētahi rerekētanga kitea i waenga i te Wifi 5 me te Wifi 6 ko ngā roopu auau o ngā hangarau e rua. Ka whakamahia noa e te Wifi 5 te roopu 5GHz, ā, he iti ake te pokanoa. Ko te ngoikoretanga he poto ake te whānuitanga o te tohu, ā, he iti ake te kaha ki te uru ki ngā pakitara me ētahi atu arai.
Ko te Wifi 6 ia, e whakamahi ana i ngā auau roopu e rua, ko te 2.4Ghz paerewa me te 5Ghz. I roto i te Wifi 6e, ka tāpirihia e ngā kaiwhakawhanake he roopu 6ghz ki te whānau Wifi 6. Ka whakamahia e te Wifi 6 ngā roopu 2.4Ghz me te 5Ghz, ko te tikanga ka taea e ngā taputapu te matawai aunoa me te whakamahi i tēnei roopu me te iti ake o te pokanoa me te pai ake o te whakamahinga. Mā tēnei, ka whiwhi ngā kaiwhakamahi i te pai o ngā whatunga e rua, me ngā tere tere ake i te tawhiti tata me te whānuitanga whānui ina kore ngā taputapu taapiri i te wāhi kotahi.
7. Te wātea o te tae BSS
Ko te tae BSS tētahi atu āhuatanga o Wifi 6 e wehewehe ana i a ia i ngā whakatupuranga o mua. He āhuatanga hou tēnei o te paerewa Wifi 6. Ko te BSS, arā, te huinga ratonga taketake, he āhuatanga anō hoki o ia whatunga 802.11. Heoi, ko Wifi 6 anake me ngā whakatupuranga o muri mai ka taea te wetewete i ngā tae BSS mai i ētahi atu taputapu mā te whakamahi i ngā tohu tae BSS. He mea nui tēnei āhuatanga nā te mea ka āwhina i te ārai i ngā tohu mai i te taupatupatu.
8. Te rerekētanga o te wā whakatipu
Ko te whakaroa e pā ana ki te whakaroa i te tukunga o ngā mōkihi mai i tētahi wāhi ki tētahi atu. Ko te tere whakaroa iti e tata ana ki te kore te mea tino pai, e tohu ana i te iti, te kore rānei o te whakaroa. Ki te whakatauritea ki te Wifi 5, he poto ake te whakaroa o te Wifi 6, he mea tino pai mō ngā pakihi me ngā whakahaere hinonga. Ka pai hoki ki ngā kaiwhakamahi kāinga tēnei āhuatanga o ngā tauira Wifi hou, nā te mea he tere ake te Inhononga ipurangi.
Wā tuku: Mei-10-2024