Chekutanga, tinofanira kujekesa kuti kutaurirana kwe5G hakuna kufanana ne5Ghz Wi-Fi yatichataura nezvayo nhasi. Kutaurirana kwe5G chaizvoizvo ipfupiso ye5th Generation mobile networks, iyo inonyanya kureva tekinoroji yekutaurirana kwenharembozha. Uye 5G yedu pano inoreva 5GHz muWiFi standard, iyo inoreva chiratidzo cheWiFi chinoshandisa 5GHz frequency band kutumira data.
Zvinenge zvishandiso zvese zveWi-Fi zviri pamusika zvino zvinotsigira 2.4 GHz, uye zvishandiso zviri nani zvinogona kutsigira zvese, zvinoti 2.4 GHz ne5 GHz. Ma router e broadband akadaro anonzi ma routers asina waya e dual-band.
Ngatitaurei nezve 2.4GHz ne 5GHz mu network yeWi-Fi pazasi.
Kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yeWi-Fi kune nhoroondo yemakore makumi maviri, kubva pachizvarwa chekutanga che802.11b kusvika ku802.11g, 802.11a, 802.11n, uye kusvika ku802.11ax (WiFi6) yazvino.
Muyero weWi-Fi
WiFi isina waya ingori pfupiso. Izvi zvinongova chikamu che802.11 wireless local area network standard. Kubva payakatanga muna 1997, shanduro dzinopfuura 35 dzehukuru hwakasiyana dzakagadzirwa. Pakati padzo, 802.11a/b/g/n/ac dzakagadzirwa dzimwe shanduro nhanhatu dzekare.
IEEE 802.11a
IEEE 802.11a imhando yakagadziridzwa yemhando yekutanga ye802.11 uye yakatenderwa muna 1999. Iyo 802.11a standard inoshandisa core protocol yakafanana neyemhando yekutanga. Ma frequency ekushanda i5GHz, 52 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing subcarriers anoshandiswa, uye huwandu hwepamusoro hwe data raw transmission i54Mb/s, izvo zvinozadzisa medium throughput ye network chaiyo. (20Mb/s) zvinodiwa.
Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwevanhu vakawanda mu 2.4G frequency band, kushandiswa kwe 5G frequency band inzira yakakosha yekuvandudza 802.11a. Zvisinei, zvinounzawo matambudziko. Kureba kwekutumira hakusi kwakanaka se 802.11b/g; mudzidziso, masaini e5G ari nyore kuvharwa uye kunyudzwa nemadziro, saka kufukidzwa kwe 802.11a hakuna kunaka se 801.11b. 802.11a inogonawo kukanganiswa, asi nekuda kwekuti hapana masaini akawanda ekupindira ari pedyo, 802.11a inowanzova ne throughput iri nani.
IEEE 802.11b
IEEE 802.11b ndiyo chiyero chenetwork dzemunharaunda dzisina waya. Frequency yekutakura i2.4GHz, iyo inogona kupa kumhanya kwakasiyana-siyana kwe1, 2, 5.5 uye 11Mbit/s. Dzimwe nguva inonyorwa zvisirizvo seWi-Fi. Kutaura zvazviri, Wi-Fi chiratidzo cheWi-Fi Alliance. Chiratidzo ichi chinongovimbisa kuti zvinhu zvinoshandisa chiratidzo ichi zvinogona kushanda pamwe chete, uye hazvina chekuita nechiyero chacho pachacho. Mubhendi re2.4-GHz ISM frequency, kune machaneli gumi nerimwe ane bandwidth ye22MHz, ari mabhendi gumi nerimwe anopindirana. Mutsivi weIEEE 802.11b iIEEE 802.11g.
IEEE 802.11g
IEEE 802.11g yakapasiswa muna Chikunguru 2003. Mafambiro emuchina wayo i2.4GHz (yakafanana ne802.11b), mabhendi efrequency gumi nemana, kumhanya kwekutumira kwekutanga i54Mbit/s, uye kumhanya kwekutumira kwenet i24.7Mbit/s (yakafanana ne802.11a). Midziyo ye802.11g inoenderana ne802.11b.
Gare gare, vamwe vagadziri vema "wireless routers" vakagadzira mitemo mitsva yakavakirwa pachiyero cheIEEE 802.11g vachipindura zvinodiwa pamusika, uye vakawedzera kumhanya kwekutumira data kusvika pa108Mbit/s kana 125Mbit/s.
IEEE 802.11n
IEEE 802.11n chiyero chakagadzirwa pachishandiswa 802.11-2007 neboka idzva rekushanda rakaumbwa neIEEE muna Ndira 2004 uye rakatenderwa zviri pamutemo munaGunyana 2009. Chiyero ichi chinowedzera rutsigiro rweMIMO, zvichibvumira bandwidth isina waya ye40MHz, uye kumhanya kwekutumira kwedata kwakanyanya i600Mbit/s. Panguva imwe chete, nekushandisa kodhi yekuvhara space-time yakakurudzirwa neAlamouti, chiyero ichi chinowedzera huwandu hwekutumira data.
IEEE 802.11ac
IEEE 802.11ac imhando yekutaurirana kwemakombiyuta isina waya ye802.11, iyo inoshandisa bhendi re6GHz (rinozivikanwawo sebhendi re5GHz frequency) rekutaurirana kwenetwork yenzvimbo isina waya (WLAN). Mukufunga, inogona kupa bandwidth yeGigabit imwe pasekondi yekutaurirana kwenetwork yenzvimbo isina waya (WLAN) ine chiteshi chemagetsi, kana kuti 500 megabits pasekondi (500 Mbit/s) yebandwidth imwe chete yekutumira data.
Inoshandisa uye inowedzera pfungwa ye air interface inobva ku802.11n, kusanganisira: bandwidth yakafara yeRF (kusvika ku160 MHz), maMIMO spatial streams akawanda (akawedzera kusvika ku8), MU-MIMO, Uye high-density demodulation (modulation, kusvika ku256QAM). Inogona kutsiva IEEE 802.11n.
IEEE 802.11ax
Muna 2017, Broadcom yakatungamira mukutanga chip isina waya ye802.11ax. Nekuti 802.11ad yekare yaive yakanyanya mubhendi re60GHz, kunyangwe kumhanya kwekutumira kwakawedzerwa, kufukidzwa kwayo kwaive kushoma, uye yakava tekinoroji inoshanda yaibatsira 802.11ac. Sekureva kweprojekti yepamutemo yeIEEE, Wi-Fi yechizvarwa chechitanhatu inogara nhaka 802.11ac i802.11ax, uye mudziyo wekugovana unotsigira wakatanga kushandiswa kubvira 2018.
Musiyano uripo pakati pe2.4GHz ne5GHz
Chizvarwa chekutanga cheIEEE 802.11 che wireless transmission standard chakazvarwa muna 1997, saka zvishandiso zvemagetsi zvakawanda zvinowanzoshandisa 2.4GHz wireless frequency, zvakaita se microwave ovens, Bluetooth devices, nezvimwewo, zvinokanganisa 2.4GHz Wi-FI, saka chiratidzo chinokanganiswa kusvika pamwero wakati, kungofanana nemugwagwa une ngoro dzinodhonzwa nemabhiza, mabhasikoro nemotokari dzinomhanya panguva imwe chete, uye kumhanya kwemotokari kunokanganiswa zvechisikigo.
5GHz WiFi inoshandisa bhendi rema frequency akawanda kuti iite kuti pave nekuzara kwema channels mashoma. Inoshandisa ma channels makumi maviri nemaviri uye haipindirani. Kana ichienzaniswa nema channels matatu e2.4GHz, inoderedza zvakanyanya kuzara kwema signal. Saka huwandu hwekutumira ma signal e5GHz hunokurumidza kupfuura 2.4GHz.
Bhandi reWi-Fi re5GHz rinoshandisa protocol yechizvarwa chechishanu ye802.11ac rinogona kusvika pakumhanya kwekutumira kwe433Mbps pasi pebandwidth ye80MHz, uye kumhanya kwekutumira kwe866Mbps pasi pebandwidth ye160MHz, zvichienzaniswa ne2.4GHz transmission rate yepamusoro ye300Mbps. Yakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya.
5GHz Isina Kuvharwa
Zvisinei, Wi-Fi ye5GHz inewo zvikanganiso. Zvikanganiso zvayo zviri mudaro rekutumira magiya uye kugona kwayo kuyambuka zvipingamupinyi.
Nekuti Wi-Fi iwaya remagetsi, nzira yayo huru yekupararira ndeyekuparadzira mutsetse wakatwasuka. Kana ikasangana nezvipingamupinyi, inoburitsa kupinda, kuratidzira, kupararira nezvimwe zviitiko. Pakati pazvo, kupinda ndiko kukuru, uye chikamu chidiki chechiratidzo chichaitika. Kufungisisa nekupararira. Hunhu hwemafungu eredhiyo ndehwekuti kana frequency yakaderera, kureba kwewavelength, kurasikirwa kudiki panguva yekupararira, kufukidzwa kwakafara, uye zviri nyore kudarika zvipingamupinyi; frequency yakakwira, kufukidzwa kudiki uye kuoma kwakanyanya. Enda uchitenderedza zvipingamupinyi.
Saka, chiratidzo che5G chine mafrequency akawanda uye marefu mapfupi chine nzvimbo diki yekuvhara, uye kugona kupfuura nezvipingamupinyi hakuna kunaka se2.4GHz.
Panyaya yekureba kwekutumira mameseji, 2.4GHz Wi-Fi inogona kusvika pamamita makumi manomwe mukati meimba, uye 250 metres kunze. Uye 5GHz Wi-Fi inogona kusvika pamamita makumi matatu nemashanu mukati meimba.
Mufananidzo uri pazasi unoratidza kuenzanisa kwekufukidza kweEkahau Site Survey pakati pemabhendi e2.4 GHz ne5 GHz emugadziri wepamhepo. Girazi rakasviba pane ese ari maviri rinomiririra kumhanya kwe150 Mbps. Tsvuku iri musimulation ye2.4 GHz inoratidza kumhanya kwe1 Mbps, uye tsvuku iri mu5 GHz inoratidza kumhanya kwe6 Mbps. Sezvauri kuona, kufukidzwa kwe2.4 GHz APs kwakakura zvishoma, asi kumhanya kumucheto kwekufukidza kwe5 GHz kunokurumidza.
5 GHz ne2.4 GHz mafrequency akasiyana, imwe neimwe ine zvakanakira network dzeWi-Fi, uye zvakanakira izvi zvinogona kutsamira panzira yaunoronga network - kunyanya kana uchifunga nezvehuwandu nezvipingamupinyi (madziro, nezvimwewo) izvo chiratidzo chingada kufukidza. Zvakawandisa here?
Kana uchida kufukidza nzvimbo yakakura kana kuti kupinda kwakanyanya mumadziro, 2.4 GHz ichave iri nani. Zvisinei, pasina zvipingamupinyi izvi, 5 GHz isarudzo inokurumidza. Kana tikabatanidza zvakanakira nekuipira kwema frequency band maviri aya toabatanidza kuita rimwe chete, nekushandisa nzvimbo dzekuwana ma frequency maviri mukushandiswa kwe wireless, tinogona kuwedzera bandwidth ye wireless, kuderedza kukanganisa, uye kunakidzwa ne network ye Wi-Fi iri nani.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-09-2021