I-PON: Qonda i-OLT, i-ONU, i-ONT kunye ne-ODN

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-fiber to the home (FTTH) sele iqalisile ukuxatyiswa ziinkampani zonxibelelwano kwihlabathi jikelele, kwaye ubuchwephesha obuncedayo bukhula ngokukhawuleza.Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zenkqubo ebalulekileyo yoqhagamshelo lwe-broadband ye-FTTH.Ezi zi-Active Optical Network (AON) kunye ne-Passive Optical Network (PON).Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uninzi lokusasazwa kwe-FTTH ekucwangciseni nasekuhanjisweni kusetyenziswe iPON ukugcina iindleko zefiber.I-PON isandul 'ukutsala ingqalelo ngenxa yeendleko eziphantsi kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu.Kweli nqaku, siza kuzisa i-ABC ye-PON, ebandakanya ngokukodwa amacandelo asisiseko kunye nobuchwepheshe obunxulumene ne-OLT, i-ONT, i-ONU kunye ne-ODN.

Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukwazisa ngokufutshane iPON.Ngokuchasene ne-AON, abathengi abaninzi baxhunyiwe kwi-transceiver enye ngokusebenzisa umthi wesebe le-fiber optical kunye ne-passive splitter / i-combiner units, esebenza ngokupheleleyo kwi-domain optical, kwaye akukho mbane kwi-PON.Okwangoku kukho imigangatho emibini ephambili ye-PON: i-Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON) kunye ne-Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON).Nangona kunjalo, akukhathaliseki nokuba loluphi uhlobo lwePON, zonke zinento yokwenza nesiseko se-topology efanayo.Inkqubo yayo idla ngokuba ne-terminal ye-optical line (OLT) kwi-ofisi ephakathi yomboneleli wenkonzo kunye neeyunithi ezininzi ze-optical network (ONU) okanye ii-terminal network optical (ONT) kufutshane nomsebenzisi wokugqibela njengezahluli ze-optical.

Itheminali yomgca wokubona (OLT)

I-OLT idibanisa izixhobo zokutshintsha i-L2/L3 kwinkqubo ye-G/EPON.Ngokuqhelekileyo, izixhobo ze-OLT zibandakanya i-rack, i-CSM (imodyuli yokulawula kunye nokutshintsha), i-ELM (i-EPON imodyuli yekhonkco, ikhadi le-PON), ukhuseleko olungafunekiyo -48V DC imodyuli yokubonelela umbane okanye imodyuli ye-110 / 220V ye-AC yombane kunye ne-fan.Kula macandelo, ikhadi le-PON kunye nokuxhaswa kwamandla okuxhasa ukutshintshwa okutshisayo, ngelixa ezinye iimodyuli zakhiwe. Umsebenzi oyintloko we-OLT kukulawula ukuhanjiswa kweendlela ezimbini zolwazi kwi-ODN ebekwe kwiofisi ephakathi.Umgama ophezulu oxhaswa yi-ODN transmission yi-20 km.I-OLT ineendlela ezimbini ezijikelezayo: phezulu (ukufumana iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zedatha kunye ne-traffic yezwi kubasebenzisi) kunye nomlambo osezantsi (ukufumana idatha, i-traffic yezwi kunye nevidiyo kwi-metro okanye i-intanethi yomgama omde, kwaye uyithumele kuzo zonke ii-ONT kwiModyuli yenethiwekhi) ODN.

IYunithi yeNethiwekhi yokubona (ONU)

I-ONU iguqula izibonakaliso ze-optical ezithunyelwa ngee-fibers ze-optical kwiimpawu zombane.Ezi zibonakaliso zombane zithunyelwa kumsebenzisi ngamnye.Ngokuqhelekileyo, kukho umgama okanye enye inethiwekhi yokufikelela phakathi kwe-ONU kunye nendlu yomsebenzisi wokugqibela.Ukongeza, i-ONU ingathumela, idibanise kwaye iququzelele iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zedatha kubathengi, kwaye iyithumele phezulu kwi-OLT.Ukulungelelanisa yinkqubo yokuphucula kunye nokulungelelanisa umzila wedatha, ngoko inokuhanjiswa ngokufanelekileyo.I-OLT isekela ulwabiwo lwe-bandwidth, evumela ukuba idatha idluliselwe kakuhle kwi-OLT, ngokuqhelekileyo isiganeko esiphuthumayo esivela kumthengi.I-ONU inokudityaniswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye neentlobo zentambo, ezifana ne-twisted pair wire copper, i-coaxial cable, i-fiber optical okanye i-Wi-Fi.

Itheminali yeNethiwekhi yokubona (ONT)

Ngapha koko, i-ONT iyafana ne-ONU.I-ONT ligama le-ITU-T, kwaye i-ONU ligama le-IEEE.Zonke zibhekisa kwisixhobo secala lomsebenzisi kwinkqubo yeGEPON.Kodwa eneneni, ngokwendawo ye-ONT kunye ne-ONU, kukho umahluko phakathi kwabo.I-ONT idla ngokubekwa kwindawo yabathengi.

INethiwekhi yoSahlulo lwaMacho (ODN)

I-ODN yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo ye-PON, enika i-optical transmission medium yokudibanisa ngokomzimba phakathi kwe-ONU kunye ne-OLT.Uluhlu lokufikelela kwiikhilomitha ezingama-20 okanye ngaphezulu.Kwi-ODN, iintambo ze-optical, i-optical connectors, i-passive optical splitters kunye nezixhobo ezincedisayo ziyasebenzisana.I-ODN ngokukhethekileyo inamacandelo amahlanu, okuyifiber feeder, indawo yokusabalalisa i-optical, i-fiber yokusabalalisa, indawo yokufikelela kwi-optical kunye nefiber engenayo.I-fiber feeder iqala kwisakhelo sokusasazwa kwe-optical (ODF) kwi-ofisi ephakathi (CO) kwigumbi lonxibelelwano kwaye iphele kwindawo yokuhanjiswa kokukhanya ukugubungela umgama omde.I-fiber yokusabalalisa ukusuka kwindawo yokusabalalisa i-optical ukuya kwindawo yokufikelela kwi-optical ihambisa i-fiber optical kwindawo esecaleni kwayo.Ukuqaliswa kwe-fiber optical idibanisa indawo yokufikelela kwi-terminal (ONT) ukwenzela ukuba i-fiber optical ingene kwikhaya lomsebenzisi.Ukongeza, i-ODN yindlela eyimfuneko yokuhanjiswa kwedatha ye-PON, kwaye umgangatho wayo uchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza, ukuthembeka kunye nokunciphisa inkqubo ye-PON.