Ngophuhliso lwenethiwekhi kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji, abavelisi abaninzi bezinto ze-fiber optic baye bavela kwimarike, bezama ukufumana isabelo sehlabathi lenethiwekhi. Ekubeni aba bavelisi bevelisa izinto ezahlukeneyo, injongo yabo kukwenza izinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu nezihambelanayo ukuze abathengi bakwazi ukudibanisa izinto ezahlukeneyo ezivela kubavelisi abahlukeneyo. Oku kungenxa yenkxalabo yezemali, njengoko amaziko amaninzi edatha ehlala efuna izisombululo ezingabizi kakhulu zokuphumeza kwiinethiwekhi zawo.
Ii-transceivers ezibonakalayoziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeenethiwekhi ze-fiber optic. Ziguqula kwaye ziqhuba intambo ye-fiber optic kuyo. Ziqulathe iindawo ezimbini eziphambili: i-transmitter kunye ne-receiver. Xa kufikwa kulondolozo kunye nokusombulula iingxaki, kubalulekile ukukwazi ukuqikelela, ukuvavanya, kunye nokufumanisa apho iingxaki zinokwenzeka okanye zenzeke khona. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba uqhagamshelo aluhlangabezani nesantya sempazamo ye-bit esilindelweyo, asinakukwazi ukuxelela ekuqaleni ukuba yeyiphi inxalenye yoqhagamshelo ebangela ingxaki. Isenokuba yintambo, i-transceiver, i-receiver okanye zombini. Ngokubanzi, iinkcukacha kufuneka ziqinisekise ukuba nayiphi na i-receiver iya kusebenza ngokufanelekileyo nayo nayiphi na i-transmitter yemeko embi, kwaye ngokuchaseneyo, nayiphi na i-transmitter iya kubonelela ngesignali yomgangatho owaneleyo ukuba ithathwe yiyo nayiphi na i-receiver yemeko embi. Iikhrayitheriya zemeko embi zihlala ziyona nxalenye inzima ukuyichaza. Nangona kunjalo, zihlala zikho amanyathelo amane okuvavanya iindawo ze-transmitter kunye ne-receiver ze-transceiver.
Xa kuvavanywa icandelo lothumelo, uvavanyo luquka ukuvavanya ubude bomda kunye nokuma kwesignali yokuphuma. Kukho amanyathelo amabini okuvavanya uthumelo:
Ukukhanya okuphuma kwi-transmitter kufuneka kuvavanywe ngoncedo lwee-metrics ezahlukeneyo zomgangatho wokukhanya, ezinje ngovavanyo lwemaski, i-optical modulation amplitude (OMA), kunye ne-extinction ratio. Vavanya usebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-eye diagram mask, indlela eqhelekileyo yokujonga ii-waveforms ze-transmitter kunye nokubonelela ngolwazi malunga nokusebenza kwe-transmitter iyonke. Kwi-eye diagram, zonke iindibaniselwano zeepateni zedatha zibekwe phezu komnye nomnye kwi-common time axis, ngesiqhelo zingaphantsi kwama-bit periods amabini ububanzi. Inxalenye yokufumana uvavanyo yeyona nxalenye inzima kakhulu yenkqubo, kodwa kukwakho namanyathelo amabini ovavanyo:
Inxalenye yokuqala yovavanyo kukuqinisekisa ukuba umamkeli angayithatha isignali ekumgangatho ophantsi aze ayiguqule. Oku kwenziwa ngokuthumela ukukhanya okusemgangathweni ophantsi kumamkeli. Ekubeni olu luphawu lwe-optical, kufuneka lulinganiswe kusetyenziswa i-jitter kunye nokulinganisa amandla okukhanya. Enye inxalenye yovavanyo kukuvavanya igalelo lombane kumamkeli. Ngeli nyathelo, kufuneka kwenziwe iintlobo ezintathu zovavanyo: uvavanyo lwemaski yamehlo ukuqinisekisa ukuvulwa kwamehlo okukhulu ngokwaneleyo, uvavanyo lwe-jitter ukuvavanya iintlobo ezithile zobungakanani be-jitter kunye novavanyo lokunyamezela i-jitter, kunye nokuvavanya amandla omamkeli okulandelela i-jitter ngaphakathi kwe-bandwidth ye-loop.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Sep-13-2022