Kodi mungayese bwanji ma transceivers a fiber optic?

Ndi chitukuko cha netiweki komanso kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo, opanga zinthu zambiri za fiber optic awonekera pamsika, akuyesera kutenga gawo la dziko la netiweki. Popeza opanga awa amapanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana, cholinga chawo ndikupanga zinthu zapamwamba komanso zogwirizana kuti makasitomala athe kusakaniza zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuchokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana. Izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha nkhawa zachuma, chifukwa malo ambiri osungira deta nthawi zonse amafunafuna njira zotsika mtengo zogwiritsira ntchito mu netiweki zawo.

Ma transceiver a kuwalandi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa ma network a fiber optic. Akusintha ndikuyendetsa chingwe cha fiber optic kudzera mmenemo. Amakhala ndi magawo awiri akuluakulu: chotumizira ndi cholandirira. Ponena za kukonza ndi kuthetsa mavuto, ndikofunikira kutha kulosera, kuyesa, ndikupeza komwe mavuto angachitike kapena komwe achitika. Nthawi zina, ngati kulumikizana sikukwaniritsa liwiro loyenera la zolakwika za bit, sitingathe kudziwa poyamba gawo lomwe la kulumikizana likuyambitsa vutoli. Kungakhale chingwe, chotumizira, cholandirira kapena zonse ziwiri. Kawirikawiri, mfundo ziyenera kutsimikizira kuti wolandila aliyense adzagwira ntchito bwino ndi chotumizira chilichonse choyipa kwambiri, ndipo mosemphanitsa, chotumizira chilichonse chidzapereka chizindikiro chokwanira kuti chitengedwe ndi wolandila aliyense woyipa kwambiri. Zofunikira kwambiri nthawi zambiri zimakhala gawo lovuta kufotokoza. Komabe, nthawi zambiri pamakhala njira zinayi zoyesera magawo a chotumizira ndi cholandirira a chotumizira.

Poyesa gawo la chotumizira, kuyesa kumaphatikizapo kuyesa kutalika kwa nthawi ndi mawonekedwe a chizindikiro chotulutsa. Pali njira ziwiri zoyesera chotumizira:

Kutulutsa kwa kuwala kwa chotumizira magetsi kuyenera kuyesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo zoyezera khalidwe la kuwala, monga kuyesa chigoba, amplitude ya optical modulation (OMA), ndi chiŵerengero cha kutha kwa kuwala. Yesani pogwiritsa ntchito kuyesa chigoba cha maso, njira yodziwika bwino yowonera mawonekedwe a mafunde a chotumizira magetsi ndikupereka chidziwitso chokhudza momwe chotumizira chimagwirira ntchito. Mu chithunzi cha maso, kuphatikiza konse kwa mawonekedwe a deta kumayikidwa pa wina ndi mnzake pa mzere wofanana wa nthawi, nthawi zambiri wochepera ma bit period awiri. Gawo lolandira mayeso ndiye gawo lovuta kwambiri la njirayi, komanso palinso njira ziwiri zoyesera:

Gawo loyamba la mayeso ndikutsimikizira kuti wolandila akhoza kutenga chizindikiro chosagwira ntchito bwino ndikuchisintha. Izi zimachitika potumiza kuwala kosakhala bwino kwa wolandila. Popeza ichi ndi chizindikiro chowunikira, chiyenera kuyesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito miyeso ya jitter ndi mphamvu yowunikira. Gawo lina la mayeso ndikuyesa magetsi olowera kwa wolandila. Pa gawoli, mitundu itatu ya mayeso iyenera kuchitidwa: kuyesa chigoba cha maso kuti zitsimikizire kuti maso atseguka mokwanira, kuyesa jitter kuti ayese mitundu ina ya jitter kuchuluka ndi kuyesa kulekerera jitter, komanso kuyesa kuthekera kwa wolandila kutsatira jitter mkati mwa bandwidth ya loop.