(1) Nechitarisiko, tinosiyanisa zviviri izvi
Kuchinja kunowanzo kuve neakawanda madoko uye anotaridzika akaomarara.
Iyo router's ports idiki zvakanyanya uye vhoriyamu idiki zvakanyanya.
Kutaura zvazviri, mufananidzo uri kurudyi haisi router chaiyo asi inobatanidza basa re router.Kuwedzera kune basa rekuchinja (iyo LAN port inoshandiswa sechiteshi chekuchinja, iyo WAN ndiyo chiteshi chinoshandiswa kubatanidza kune yekunze network), uye maviri Iyo antenna ndiyo isina waya AP yekupinda nzvimbo (iyo inowanzo shandiswa. inodaidzwa sewireless local area network wifi).
(2) Matanho ekushanda akasiyana:
Iyo yekutanga switch yakashanda ku ** data link layer yeOSI yakavhurika system yekubatanidza modhi, ** inova yechipiri layer
Iyo router inoshanda pane network layer yeOSI modhi, inova yechitatu layer
Nokuda kweizvi, nheyo yekushandura iri nyore.Kazhinji, maseketi ehardware anoshandiswa kuona kuendesa mberi kwemafaira edata.
Iyo router inoshanda pane network layer uye inobatirira iro rakakosha basa re network yekubatanidza.Kuita mamwe maprotocol akaomesesa uye kuve neakawanda akangwara ekufambisa ekuita sarudzo, inowanzo mhanyisa sisitimu yekushandisa mu router kuti iite yakaoma routing algorithms, uye inorerekera kukuita software.Basa rayo.
(3) Zvinhu zvekutumira data zvakasiyana:
Iyo switch inoendesa mberi data mafuremu zvichienderana neMAC kero
Iyo router inoendesa mberi IP datagrams / mapaketi zvichienderana neiyo IP kero.
Iyo data furemu inovhara iyo furemu musoro (source MAC uye kwainoenda MAC, nezvimwewo) uye furemu muswe (CRC cheki. Code) pahwaro hweIP data packets/packets.Kana iri kero yeMAC neIP kero, ungasanzwisisa kuti nei maadero maviri achidiwa.Muchokwadi, iyo IP kero inosarudza yekupedzisira data packet kuti isvike kune imwe host, uye iyo MAC kero inosarudza kuti ndeipi hop inotevera ichabatana nayo.Chishandiso (kazhinji router kana muenzi).Zvakare, iyo IP kero inoonekwa nesoftware, iyo inogona kutsanangura network uko mugadziri aripo, uye iyo MAC kero inoonekwa nehardware.Kadhi yega yega yetiweki inosimbisa kero yepasirese yeMAC chete muROM yetiweki kadhi kana yabva mufekitori, saka iyo MAC kero haigone Kugadziriswa, asi iyo IP kero inogona kugadzirwa uye kugadziridzwa nenetiweki maneja.
(4) “Kugovewa kwebasa” kwakasiyana
Iyo switch inonyanya kushandiswa kuvaka network yenzvimbo, uye router ine basa rekubatanidza mugadziri kune yekunze network.Multiple hosts inogona kubatanidzwa kune switch kuburikidza netiweki tambo.Panguva ino, LAN inotangwa, uye data inogona kutumirwa kune mamwe mauto muLAN.Semuenzaniso, iyo LAN software yakadai seFeiqiu isu tinoshandisa yekumberi data kune mamwe mauto kuburikidza nekuchinja.Nekudaro, iyo LAN yakagadzwa neiyo switch haigone kuwana yekunze network (kureva, Internet).Panguva ino, router inodiwa kuti "tizarurire mukova kune nyika inoshamisa kunze" kwatiri.Ese mauto ari paLAN anoshandisa yakavanzika network IP, saka inofanirwa Iyo yekunze network inogona kuwanikwa chete mushure mekunge router yashandurwa kuita IP yeruzhinji network.
(5) Conflict domain uye nhepfenyuro
Iyo switch inopatsanura dhizaini yekupokana, asi haigovani iyo dhizaini yekutepfenyura, nepo router ichikamura iyo nhepfenyuro.Zvikamu zvenetiweki zvakabatanidzwa ne switch zvichiri zveiyo imwechete nhepfenyuro, uye kutepfenyura data mapaketi anozofambiswa pazvikamu zvese zvetiweki zvakabatanidzwa ne switch.Muchiitiko ichi, zvinokonzeresa madutu ekutepfenyura uye kusagadzikana kwekuchengetedza.Chikamu chetiweki chakabatana nerouter chichapihwa isingasviki nhepfenyuro dhairekitori, uye router haizoendesa mberi nhepfenyuro data.Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti iyo unicast data packet ichave yakasarudzika kutumirwa kune inotarirwa dhizaini nekuchinja mune yenzvimbo network, uye mamwe mauto haazogamuchire data.Izvi zvakasiyana kubva pakutanga hub.Nguva yekusvika yedata inotarirwa nehuwandu hwekutumira kwekuchinja.Iyo switch inoendesa data rekutepfenyura kune ese ari muLAN.
Chinhu chekupedzisira chekucherechedza ndechekuti ma routers anowanzo ane basa re firewall, iyo inogona kusarudza kusarudza mamwe etiweki data packet.Mamwe ma routers iye zvino ane basa rekushandura (sezvinoratidzwa kurudyi mumufananidzo uri pamusoro), uye dzimwe shanduko dzine basa re router, iyo inonzi Layer 3 switches uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya.Mukuenzanisa, ma routers ane mabasa ane simba kupfuura ma switch, asi zvakare anononoka uye anodhura.Layer 3 switch ine zvese zviri zviviri mutsara wekufambisa kugona kwekuchinja uye yakanaka routing mabasa emarouters, saka anoshandiswa zvakanyanya.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-26-2021