Njengoba i-“Gigabit Optical Network” ibhalwe embikweni womsebenzi kahulumeni okokuqala, kanye nezidingo zabathengi ezikhulayo zekhwalithi yokuxhumeka, “inguquko” yesibili yokuguqulwa kwe-optical emlandweni we-broadband yezwe lami iyaqalwa.
Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, opharetha baseShayina bashintshe izintambo zethusi zokungena ekhaya zaba yi-optical fiber (FTTH) eminyakeni engaphezu kweyikhulu, futhi ngenxa yalesi sisekelo, bafeze ngokugcwele izinsizakalo zolwazi ezisheshayo zemindeni, futhi baqedele ukuguqulwa kokuqala kokukhanya. "I-Revolution" yabeka isisekelo samandla enethiwekhi. Eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo, i-all-optical fiber (FTTR) yokuxhumana kwekhaya izoba yindlela entsha kanye nokudonswa. Ngokuletha i-gigabit kuwo wonke amakamelo, izodala izinsizakalo zolwazi ezisheshayo kakhulu ezigxile kubantu nasezikhumulweni, futhi inikeze ulwazi lwe-Broadband olusezingeni eliphezulu oluzosheshisa kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwamandla enethiwekhi kanye nomnotho wedijithali.
Umkhuba ojwayelekile wokufinyelela i-gigabit ekhaya
Njengesisekelo sezwe elikhula ngokwedijithali, indima eqhuba i-broadband emnothweni wezenhlalo iyaqhubeka nokukhula. Ucwaningo lweBhange Lomhlaba lubonisa ukuthi njalo ukwanda okungu-10% kokungena kwe-broadband kuzoqhuba ukukhula kwe-GDP okumaphakathi okungu-1.38%; "Iphepha Elimhlophe Lokuthuthukiswa Komnotho Wedijithali waseShayina kanye Nokuqashwa (2019)" libonisa ukuthi inethiwekhi yekhebula le-fiber optical fiber yaseShayina eyizigidi ezingu-180 isekela ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-31.3 emnothweni wedijithali. Ngokufika kwesikhathi se-F5G all-optical, i-broadband nayo ibhekene namathuba amasha okuthuthukiswa.
Kulo nyaka, kuphakanyiswa ukuthi “kwandiswe ukwakhiwa kwamanethiwekhi e-5G kanye namanethiwekhi e-gigabit optical, futhi kucebiswe izimo zohlelo lokusebenza”; ngesikhathi esifanayo, “uHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu lwe-14” luphinde lukhulume “ngokukhuthaza nokuthuthukisa amanethiwekhi e-gigabit optical fiber.” Ukukhuthaza amanethiwekhi okufinyelela i-broadband kusuka ku-100M kuya ku-Gigabit sekuyindlela ebalulekile ezingeni likazwelonke.
Emindenini, ukufinyelela i-gigabit nakho kuyindlela evamile. Ubhubhane olusha lwe-crown pneumonia lukhuthaze ukukhula okukhulu kwamabhizinisi amasha namamodeli amasha. Umndeni awuseyona nje isikhungo sempilo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, unezimfanelo zomphakathi njengezikole, izibhedlela, amahhovisi, kanye nezindawo zemidlalo yeshashalazi, futhi usuyisikhungo sokukhiqiza sangempela. , Futhi i-broadband yasekhaya iyisixhumanisi esiyinhloko esikhuthaza ukwandiswa kwezimfanelo zomphakathi zomndeni.
Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinhlelo zokusebenza ezintsha eziningi zokuxhumana ziye zaletha izinselele eziningi ku-broadband yasekhaya. Isibonelo, lapho ngibuka ukusakazwa bukhoma, amakilasi aku-inthanethi, kanye nemihlangano eku-inthanethi, ngivame ukuhlangana nokuthuthumela, amafreyimu awe phansi, kanye nomsindo nevidiyo engavumelanisiwe. Imindeni eyi-100M ayanele kancane kancane. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ulwazi lwabathengi ku-inthanethi kanye nomuzwa wokuthola, kuyaphuthuma ukuguqukela ku-bandwidth ye-gigabit, futhi kuqhubeke nokwenza impumelelo ebukhulu be-latency, izinga lokulahlekelwa yiphakethe, kanye nenani lokuxhumeka.
Eqinisweni, abathengi ngokwabo “bavota ngezinyawo zabo” - ngokuqaliswa kwezinsizakalo ze-gigabit broadband ngabaqhubi bezifundazwe ezahlukahlukene, ababhalisile be-gigabit ezweni lami bangene enkathini yokukhula okusheshayo ngonyaka odlule. Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi ekupheleni kuka-2020, inani labasebenzisi be-gigabit ezweni lami liseduze nezigidi ezingu-6.4, ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esingu-700%.
I-FTTR: Ukuhola "inguquko" yesibili yokuguqulwa kokukhanya
Isiphakamiso esithi “Igumbi ngalinye lingafinyelela ulwazi lwesevisi ye-Gigabit” sibonakala silula, kodwa sinzima. I-transmission medium okwamanje iyisithiyo esikhulu kunazo zonke ekuvimbeleni ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana ekhaya. Njengamanje, imikhawulo yesilinganiso sama-relay e-Wi-Fi ajwayelekile, amamodemu wamandla e-PLC, kanye nezintambo zenethiwekhi cishe icishe ibe yi-100M. Ngisho nemigqa yesigaba esi-5 ephezulu ayikwazi ukufinyelela i-gigabit. Esikhathini esizayo, izoguqukela emigqeni yesigaba sesi-6 nesesi-7.
Ngakho-ke, eminyakeni yamuva nje, imboni iye yabeka kancane kancane umugqa wokubonakala ku-fiber optical. Isixazululo senethiwekhi yegumbi le-FTTR gigabit all-optical esekelwe kusakhiwo sobuchwepheshe be-PON yisisombululo esiphezulu senethiwekhi yasekhaya, esinethemba lokunikeza imfundo eku-inthanethi, ihhovisi eliku-inthanethi, kanye nokusakaza bukhoma. Izinsizakalo ezintsha ezifana nempahla, ukuzijabulisa kwezemidlalo ze-e, kanye nobuhlakani bendlu yonke ukuze kufezwe ulwazi lwe-broadband olusezingeni eliphezulu. Isazi esiphezulu semboni sibonise i-C114, "Isihluthulelo sokunquma ikhono le-bandwidth yizimpawu zemvamisa yendlela yokudlulisa. Izici zemvamisa yezintambo ze-optical ziphindwe kaningi kunezintambo zenethiwekhi. Impilo yobuchwepheshe yezintambo zenethiwekhi inqunyelwe, kanti impilo yobuchwepheshe yezintambo ze-optical ayinamkhawulo. Sidinga ukubheka inkinga ngombono wentuthuko."
Ngokuqondile, ikhambi le-FTTR linezici ezine ezinkulu: isivinini esisheshayo, izindleko eziphansi, ukuguqulwa okulula, kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo okuluhlaza. Okokuqala, i-optical fiber ibhekwa njengendlela yokudlulisa esheshayo. Ubuchwepheshe bamanje bezentengiselwano bungafinyelela umthamo wokudlulisa wamakhulu e-Gbps. Ngemva kokuba i-fiber isetshenziswe endlini yonke, asikho isidingo sokushintsha imigqa yokuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi esizayo kunethiwekhi ye-10Gbps ye-10G, okungashiwo ukuthi iyodwa. Okwesibili, imboni ye-optical fiber isivuthiwe futhi imakethe izinzile. Intengo emaphakathi ingaphansi kuka-50% wekhebula lenethiwekhi, futhi izindleko zokuguqulwa nazo ziphansi.
Okwesithathu, ivolumu yefayibha ye-optical icishe ibe yi-15% yekhebula lenethiwekhi elijwayelekile, futhi lincane ngobukhulu futhi kulula ukulivuselela ngepayipi. Lisekela ifayibha ye-optical esobala, futhi umugqa ovulekile awulimazi umhlobiso, futhi ukwamukelwa komsebenzisi kuphezulu; kunezindlela eziningi zokubeka, ezingavinjelwe yizinhlobo zendlu entsha nendala, kanye nendawo yokufaka isicelo Enkulu. Okokugcina, izinto zokusetshenziswa zefayibha ye-optical yisihlabathi (i-silica), esinobungani nemvelo futhi esimeme kakhulu kunekhebula lenethiwekhi yethusi; ngesikhathi esifanayo, sinamandla amakhulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nokuphila kwenkonzo okungaphezu kweminyaka engama-30.
Kwabasebenzi, i-FTTR izoba yindlela ephumelelayo yokufeza imisebenzi ehlukene necwengekile yezinsizakalo ze-broadband zasekhaya, ukwakha uphawu lwenethiwekhi yasekhaya, nokwandisa i-ARPU yomsebenzisi; izophinde inikeze izindlela ezidingekayo zokuthuthukiswa kwamakhaya ahlakaniphile kanye nokusekelwa komnotho omusha oxhumene. Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa ezimweni zokuxhumana zasekhaya, i-FTTR ifaneleka kakhulu ezakhiweni zebhizinisi, amapaki kanye nezinye izimo zokuxhumana zendawo zenkampani, okungasiza abasebenzi ukuthi bandise kusuka kumanethiwekhi endawo ebanzi kuya kumanethiwekhi endawo ukuze basungule ukunamathelana nabasebenzisi bezinkampani.
I-FTTR ilapha
Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwenethiwekhi ye-optical yaseShayina kanye nokuvuthwa kochungechunge lwezimboni, i-FTTR ayikude, iyabonakala.
NgoMeyi 2020, iGuangdong Telecom kanye neHuawei baqalise ngokuhlanganyela isixazululo sokuqala senethiwekhi yasekhaya ye-FTTR yonke indawo emhlabeni, esibe uphawu olubalulekile "lwenguquko" yesibili yokuguqulwa kwe-optical kanye nendawo entsha yokuqala yokuthuthukiswa kwezinsizakalo ze-broadband yasekhaya. Ngokubeka imicu ye-optical kuwo wonke amakamelo nokufaka iyunithi yenethiwekhi ye-optical ye-Wi-Fi 6 kanye nebhokisi eliphezulu, ingasekela ukuxhumana kwe-super 1 kuya ku-16, ukuze wonke umuntu emndenini, kuwo wonke amakamelo, futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi abe nolwazi lwe-super gigabit Broadband.
Njengamanje, ikhambi le-FTTR elisekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-PON likhishwe ngokuhweba ngabaqhubi bezifundazwe nasemadolobheni angu-13 okuhlanganisa iGuangdong, iSichuan, iTianjin, iJilin, iShaanxi, iYunnan, iHenan, njll., kanti abasebenza ezifundazweni nasemadolobheni angaphezu kuka-30 sebeqedile uhlelo lokuhlola kanye nesinyathelo esilandelayo sokuhlela.
Iqhutshwa “uHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu Lwe-14”, “ingqalasizinda entsha” kanye nezinye izinqubomgomo ezinhle, kanye nesidingo semakethe solwazi lwabathengi ekhaya lonke “kusukela kokuhle kuya kokuhle” kanye “nokusukela kokuhle kuya kokuhle”, kulindeleke ukuthi i-FTTR izongena eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo. Izongena ku-40% wemindeni eShayina, iqhubeke nokukhuthaza intuthuko esezingeni eliphezulu ye-“Broadband China”, ivule isikhala semakethe samakhulu ezigidigidi, futhi iqhube ukukhula kwezigidigidi zezinhlelo zokusebenza zedijithali kanye nomkhakha wezindlu ezihlakaniphile.
I-Shenzhen HUANET Technology CO., Ltd. Iphinde ihlinzeke nge-GPON OLT, ONU kanye ne-PLC Splitter kubasebenzi bephrojekthi eminingi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-10-2021