Njengoko i-“Gigabit Optical Network” ibhalwe kwingxelo yomsebenzi karhulumente okokuqala, kunye neemfuno zabathengi ezikhulayo zomgangatho woqhagamshelo, “uguquko” lwesibini lohlaziyo lwe-optical kwimbali ye-broadband yelizwe lam luyaqaliswa.
Kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, abaqhubi baseTshayina batshintshe ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-100 besebenzisa iingcingo zobhedu zokungena ekhaya ukuya kwi-optical fiber (FTTH), kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu, baye bafezekisa ngokupheleleyo iinkonzo zolwazi olukhawulezayo kwiintsapho, kwaye bagqibezela utshintsho lokuqala lwe-optical. "I-Revolution" yabeka isiseko samandla enethiwekhi. Kwiminyaka elishumi ezayo, i-all-optical fiber (FTTR) yothungelwano lwasekhaya iya kuba yindlela entsha kunye nokutsala. Ngokuzisa i-gigabit kwigumbi ngalinye, iya kudala iinkonzo zolwazi olukhawulezayo kakhulu ezijolise ebantwini nakwii-terminals, kwaye ibonelele ngamava e-Broadband asemgangathweni ophezulu aya kukhawulezisa ngakumbi ukwakhiwa kwamandla enethiwekhi kunye noqoqosho lwedijithali.
Umkhwa oqhelekileyo wokufikelela kwi-gigabit ekhaya
Njengesiseko sehlabathi elikhula ngokwedijithali, indima eqhuba i-broadband kuqoqosho lwentlalo iyaqhubeka nokukhula. Uphando lweBhanki yeHlabathi lubonisa ukuba ukwanda kwe-10% kokungena kwe-broadband kuya kuqhuba ukukhula okuphakathi kwe-GDP kwe-1.38%; "Iphepha eliMhlophe malunga noPhuhliso loQoqosho lweDijithali lwaseTshayina kunye neNgqesho (2019)" libonisa ukuba inethiwekhi ye-180 yezigidi zeekhilomitha eziphambili ze-optical fiber cable yaseTshayina ixhasa i-31.3 trillion yuan kuqoqosho lwedijithali. Ngokufika kwexesha le-F5G all-optical, i-broadband ikwajongene namathuba amatsha ophuhliso.
Kulo nyaka, kucetywayo ukuba “kwandiswe ukwakhiwa kweenethiwekhi ze-5G kunye neenethiwekhi ze-gigabit optical, kwaye kuphuculwe iimeko zesicelo”; kwangaxeshanye, “iSicwangciso seMinyaka emihlanu se-14” sikhankanya “ukukhuthaza nokuphucula iinethiwekhi ze-gigabit optical fiber.” Ukukhuthaza iinethiwekhi zokufikelela kwi-broadband ukusuka kwi-100M ukuya kwi-Gigabit kube sisicwangciso esibalulekileyo kwinqanaba likazwelonke.
Kwiintsapho, ukufikelela kwi-gigabit kukwayindlela eqhelekileyo. Ubhubhane we-crown pneumonia omtsha ngequbuliso ukhuthaze ukukhula okukhulu kwamashishini amatsha kunye neemodeli ezintsha. Usapho aluselulo nje iziko lobomi. Kwangaxeshanye, lukwaneempawu zentlalo ezifana nezikolo, izibhedlele, iiofisi, kunye neethiyetha, kwaye lube liziko lokwenyani lemveliso. Kwaye i-broadband yasekhaya likhonkco eliphambili elikhuthaza ukwandiswa kweempawu zentlalo zosapho.
Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, usetyenziso olutsha oluninzi lokunxibelelana luye lwazisa imingeni emininzi kwi-broadband yasekhaya. Umzekelo, xa ndibukela usasazo olubukhoma, iiklasi ezikwi-intanethi, kunye neentlanganiso ezikwi-intanethi, ndihlala ndidibana nokugungqa, iifreyimu eziwileyo, kunye nesandi kunye nevidiyo ezingavumelaniswanga. Imizi ye-100M ayanelanga kancinci kancinci. Ukuze kuphuculwe amava abathengi kwi-intanethi kunye nomuzwa wokufumana, kungxamisekile ukuguqukela kwi-bandwidth ye-gigabit, kwaye kuqhubeke nokwenza iimpumelelo kubungakanani be-latency, izinga lokulahleka kwepakethi, kunye nenani loqhagamshelo.
Enyanisweni, abathengi ngokwabo “bavota ngeenyawo”-ngokuqaliswa kweenkonzo ze-gigabit broadband ngabaqhubi kumaphondo ahlukeneyo, ababhalisile be-gigabit belizwe lam bangene kwixesha lokukhula ngokukhawuleza kunyaka ophelileyo. Izibalo zibonisa ukuba ekupheleni kuka-2020, inani labasebenzisi be-gigabit kwilizwe lam lisondele kwi-6.4 yezigidi, kunye nokukhula konyaka kwe-700%.
I-FTTR: Ukukhokela "uguquko" lwesibini lotshintsho lokukhanya
Ingcamango ethi “Igumbi ngalinye linokufikelela kumava enkonzo yeGigabit” ibonakala ilula, kodwa inzima. Isixhobo sokudlulisa ulwazi ngoku sesona sithintelo sikhulu kwitekhnoloji yokunxibelelana ekhaya. Okwangoku, imida yesantya seereyi zeWi-Fi eziqhelekileyo, iimodem zamandla zePLC, kunye neentambo zenethiwekhi uninzi lwazo zimalunga ne-100M. Kwanemigca emi-5 ephezulu ayinakufikelela kwi-gigabit. Kwixesha elizayo, iya kuguqukela kwimigca yodidi lwesi-6 neyesi-7.
Ngoko ke, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, eli shishini liye labeka umgca wokubonakala kancinci kwi-optical fiber. Isisombululo senethiwekhi yegumbi le-FTTR gigabit all-optical esisekelwe kuyilo lwetekhnoloji ye-PON sisisombululo esiphezulu senethiwekhi yasekhaya, sinethemba lokubonelela ngemfundo ekwi-intanethi, iofisi ekwi-intanethi, kunye nokusasazwa bukhoma. Iinkonzo ezintsha ezifana nemithwalo, ukuzonwabisa nge-e-sports, kunye nobukrelekrele bendlu yonke ukuze kufezekiswe amava e-broadband asemgangathweni. Ingcali ephezulu kushishino ibonise i-C114, "Isitshixo sokumisela amandla e-bandwidth ziimpawu ze-frequency ze-transmission medium. Iimpawu ze-frequency ze-optical fibers ziphindwe kalishumi amawaka kuneentambo zenethiwekhi. Ubomi bobuchwephesha beentambo zenethiwekhi bulinganiselwe, ngelixa ubomi bobuchwephesha beentambo ze-optical bungenamkhawulo. Kufuneka sijonge ingxaki ngokwembono yophuhliso."
Ngokukodwa, isisombululo se-FTTR sineempawu ezine eziphambili: isantya esikhawulezayo, ixabiso eliphantsi, ukuguqulwa okulula, kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo okuluhlaza. Okokuqala, i-optical fiber ibonwa njengeyona ndlela ikhawulezayo yokudlulisa. Itekhnoloji yangoku yorhwebo inokufikelela kumthamo wokudlulisa wamakhulu e-Gbps. Emva kokuba i-fiber isasazwe kuyo yonke indlu, akukho mfuneko yokutshintsha imigca yokuphucula kwixesha elizayo kwinethiwekhi ye-10Gbps ye-10G, enokuthiwa kube kanye. Okwesibini, ishishini le-optical fiber livuthiwe kwaye imakethi izinzile. Ixabiso eliqhelekileyo liphantsi kune-50% yentambo yenethiwekhi, kwaye iindleko zokuguqula nazo ziphantsi.
Okwesithathu, umthamo wefayibha ye-optical yi-15% kuphela yentambo yenethiwekhi eqhelekileyo, kwaye incinci ngobukhulu kwaye kulula ukuyiphinda ivuselelwe ngepayipi. Ixhasa ifayibha ye-optical ebonakalayo, kwaye umgca ovulekileyo awonakalisi umhombiso, kwaye ukwamkelwa komsebenzisi kuphezulu; kukho iindlela ezininzi zoyilo, ezingathintelwanga ziintlobo zendlu entsha nendala, kunye nendawo yesicelo Enkulu. Okokugqibela, izinto eziluhlaza zefayibha ye-optical yisanti (i-silica), enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kwaye izinzile kunentambo yenethiwekhi yobhedu; kwangaxeshanye, inomthamo omkhulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye nobomi benkonzo obungaphezu kweminyaka engama-30.
Kwabaqhubi, i-FTTR iya kuba yindlela esebenzayo yokufezekisa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo necociweyo yeenkonzo ze-broadband zasekhaya, ukwakha uphawu lwenethiwekhi yasekhaya, kunye nokwandisa i-ARPU yabasebenzisi; iya kubonelela ngeendlela ezifunekayo zophuhliso lwamakhaya akrelekrele kunye nenkxaso entsha yoqoqosho oludibeneyo. Ukongeza kwisicelo kwiimeko zenethiwekhi yasekhaya, i-FTTR ikwafanelekile kakhulu kwizakhiwo zoshishino, iipaki kunye nezinye iimeko zenethiwekhi yendawo yenkampani, ezinokunceda abaqhubi ukuba bandise ukusuka kwiinethiwekhi ezibanzi ukuya kwiinethiwekhi zendawo ukuze bamisele ukunamathelana nabasebenzisi beenkampani.
I-FTTR ilapha
Ngenxa yophuhliso olukhawulezileyo lwenethiwekhi ye-optical yaseTshayina kunye nokuvuthwa kwekhonkco lemizi-mveliso, i-FTTR ayikude, iyabonakala.
NgoMeyi ka-2020, iGuangdong Telecom kunye neHuawei baqalise isisombululo sokuqala senethiwekhi yasekhaya ye-FTTR evulelekileyo kwihlabathi liphela, esiye saba luphawu olubalulekileyo "lwenguquko" yesibini yohlaziyo lwe-optical kunye nendawo entsha yokuqala yophuhliso lweenkonzo ze-broadband zasekhaya. Ngokubeka iifayibha ze-optical kwigumbi ngalinye kunye nokusasaza iyunithi yenethiwekhi ye-optical ye-Wi-Fi 6 kunye nebhokisi ephezulu yesethi, inokuxhasa inethiwekhi enkulu eyi-1 ukuya kwi-16, ukuze wonke umntu kusapho, kwigumbi ngalinye, nangawo onke amaxesha abe namava e-super gigabit Broadband.
Okwangoku, isisombululo se-FTTR esisekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-PON sikhutshwe ngorhwebo ngabaqhubi kumaphondo nakwizixeko ezili-13 kuquka iGuangdong, iSichuan, iTianjin, iJilin, iShaanxi, iYunnan, iHenan, njl.njl., kwaye abasebenzi kumaphondo nakwizixeko ezingaphezu kwama-30 bagqibe inkqubo yovavanyo kunye nenyathelo elilandelayo lokucwangcisa.
Iqhutywa “yiSicwangciso seMinyaka emihlanu se-14”, “iziseko ezintsha” kunye neminye imigaqo-nkqubo emihle, kunye nesidingo semarike yamava abathengi basekhaya lonke “ukusuka kokulungileyo ukuya kokulungileyo” kunye “nokusuka kokulungileyo ukuya kokungcono”, kulindeleke ukuba i-FTTR ibekho kwiminyaka emihlanu ezayo. Iza kungena kwi-40% yeentsapho eTshayina, iqhubeke nokukhuthaza uphuhliso oluphezulu lwe-“Broadband China”, ivule indawo yemarike yamakhulu eebhiliyoni, kwaye iqhube ukukhula kwezigidigidi zezicelo zedijithali kunye noshishino lwezindlu ezikrelekrele.
I-Shenzhen HUANET Technology CO., Ltd. Ikwabonelela nge-GPON OLT, ONU kunye ne-PLC Splitter kubaqhubi kwiiprojekthi ezininzi.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-10-2021