Uburyo bwo gutandukanya byihuse switch na routers

Router ni iki?

Routers zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu miyoboro yo mu gace k’iwabo no mu miyoboro migari. Ishobora guhuza imiyoboro myinshi cyangwa ibice by’imiyoboro kugira ngo "ihindure" amakuru y’amakuru hagati y’imiyoboro itandukanye cyangwa ibice by’imiyoboro, kugira ngo babashe "gusoma" amakuru y’abandi kugira ngo bakore interineti nini. Muri icyo gihe, ifite imirimo nko gucunga umuyoboro, gutunganya amakuru, no guhuza umuyoboro.

Guhindura ni iki

Mu magambo make, switch, izwi kandi nka switching hub. Itandukaniro na router ni uko ishobora guhuza ubwoko bumwe bw'umuyoboro, igahuza n'ubwoko butandukanye bw'imiyoboro (nka Ethernet na Fast Ethernet), bigatuma izi mudasobwa zigira umuyoboro.

Ishobora kohereza ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi no gutanga inzira zihariye z'ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi ku miyoboro ibiri y'itumanaho ihujwe nayo, bityo ikirinda amakimbirane yo kohereza amakuru n'ibyambu no kunoza uburyo bwo gukoresha interineti.

Izindi switch zisanzwe zirimo switch za Ethernet, switch za network zo mu gace runaka na switch za WAN, ndetse na switch za optique fibre na switch za terefone.

Itandukaniro riri hagati ya router na switch:

1. Mu buryo bw'imikorere, router ifite uburyo bwo guhamagara kuri interineti, bushobora gushyiraho IP mu buryo bwikora. Mudasobwa zihujwe na interineti zishobora gusangira konti ya interineti kuri router imwe, kandi mudasobwa ziri mu murongo umwe w'aho ziherereye. Muri icyo gihe, ishobora gutanga serivisi zo kurinda umuriro. Iyi switch ntabwo ifite serivisi n'imikorere nk'iyo, ariko ishobora kohereza amakuru vuba ku gice cyo kugenzura binyuze muri matrix y'imbere yo guhindura amakuru, bityo ikabika umutungo w'umuyoboro kandi ikanoza imikorere.

2. Ukurikije icyo kohereza amakuru, router igena ko aderesi yo kohereza amakuru ikoresha inomero y'indangamuntu y'urundi rubuga, kandi switch igena aderesi yo kohereza amakuru ikoresheje aderesi ya MAC cyangwa aderesi isanzwe.

3. Uhereye ku rwego rw'imikorere, router ikora ishingiye kuri aderesi ya IP kandi igakora ku rukuta rw'umuyoboro wa moderi ya OSI, ishobora gukora kuri protocole ya TCP / IP; switch ikora ku rukuta rw'umuyoboro rushingiye kuri aderesi ya MAC.

4. Ukurikije uburyo bwo gutandukanya amakuru, router ishobora gutandukanya amakuru ajyanye n'urubuga rwa interineti, naho switch ishobora gutandukanya amakuru ajyanye n'uruhererekane rw'amakuru gusa.

5. Ukurikije aho porogaramu ikoreshwa, router zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu guhuza LAN n'imiyoboro yo hanze, naho switch zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kohereza amakuru muri LAN.

6. Ukurikije aho umurongo uherereye, hari imiyoboro itatu ya router: AUI port, RJ-45 port, SC port, hari imiyoboro myinshi ya switch, nka Console port, MGMT interface, RJ45 port, optique fiber interface, auc interface, vty interface na vlanif interface, nibindi.