He aha ka mīkini ala hele?
Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mea hoʻohele ma nā pūnaewele kūloko a me nā pūnaewele ākea. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻohui i nā pūnaewele he nui a i ʻole nā ʻāpana pūnaewele e "unuhi" i ka ʻikepili ma waena o nā pūnaewele like ʻole a i ʻole nā ʻāpana pūnaewele, i hiki iā lākou ke "heluhelu" i ka ʻikepili o kekahi i kekahi e hana i kahi pūnaewele nui aʻe. I ka manawa like, loaʻa iā ia nā hana e like me ka hoʻokele pūnaewele, ka hana ʻikepili, a me ka pilina pūnaewele.
He aha ka kuapo
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ke kuapo, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ke kikowaena kuapo. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa mai kahi router, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopili i ka ʻano pūnaewele like, hoʻopili me nā ʻano pūnaewele like ʻole (e like me Ethernet a me Fast Ethernet), a hana i kēia mau kamepiula e hoʻokumu i kahi pūnaewele.
Hiki iā ia ke hoʻouna i nā hōʻailona uila a hāʻawi i nā ala hōʻailona uila kū hoʻokahi no kekahi mau kikowaena pūnaewele ʻelua i pili iā ia, no laila e pale aku ai i nā paio hoʻoili a me nā awa a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka broadband.
ʻO nā kuapo maʻamau e komo pū me nā kuapo Ethernet, nā kuapo pūnaewele kūloko a me nā kuapo WAN, a me nā kuapo fiber optical a me nā kuapo leo kelepona.
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ke alalai a me ke kuapo:
1. Mai kahi manaʻo hana, loaʻa i ka mīkini ala hele kahi hana kelepona virtual, hiki ke hāʻawi aunoa i ka IP. Hiki i nā kamepiula i pili i ka Pūnaewele ke kaʻana like i kahi moʻokāki broadband ma ka mīkini ala hele like, a aia nā kamepiula i loko o ka pūnaewele wahi kūloko like. I ka manawa like, hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i nā lawelawe pā ahi. ʻAʻohe o ka hoʻololi i kēlā mau lawelawe a me nā hana, akā hiki iā ia ke hoʻouna koke i ka ʻikepili i ka node i manaʻo ʻia ma o ka matrix hoʻololi kūloko, no laila e mālama ana i nā kumuwaiwai pūnaewele a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono.
2. Mai ka manaʻo o ka mea o ka hoʻouna ʻikepili, hoʻoholo ka mīkini ala hele e hoʻohana ka helu wahi no ka hoʻouna ʻikepili i ka helu ID o kahi pūnaewele ʻokoʻa, a hoʻoholo ke kuapo i ka helu wahi no ka hoʻouna ʻikepili ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka helu wahi MAC a i ʻole ka helu wahi kino.
3. Mai ka pae hana, hana ka mīkini ala hele ma muli o ka helu wahi IP a hana ma ka papa pūnaewele o ke kumu hoʻohālike OSI, hiki ke lawelawe i ka protocol TCP/IP; hana ka kuapo ma ka papa relay ma muli o ka helu wahi MAC.
4. Mai ka manaʻo o ka māhele ʻana, hiki i ka mīkini ala hele ke hoʻokaʻawale i ke kikowaena hoʻolaha, a hiki i ka kuapo ke hoʻokaʻawale wale i ke kikowaena hakakā.
5. Mai ka manaʻo o ka wahi noi, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mea hoʻopili e hoʻopili i nā LAN a me nā pūnaewele waho, a hoʻohana nui ʻia nā kuapo no ka hoʻouna ʻikepili ma nā LAN.
6. Mai ka manaʻo o ka interface, aia ʻekolu mau interfaces router: AUI port, RJ-45 port, SC port, he nui nā interfaces kuapo, e like me Console port, MGMT interface, RJ45 port, optical fiber interface, auc interface, vty interface a me vlanif Interface, etc.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻOkakopa-30-2021