Ungayihlukanisa kanjani inethiwekhi yokufinyelela ye-optical OLT, ONU, ODN, ONT?

Inethiwekhi yokufinyelela okubonakalayo iyinethiwekhi yokufinyelela esebenzisa ukukhanya njengendlela yokudlulisela, esikhundleni sezintambo zethusi, futhi isetshenziselwa ukufinyelela yonke imizi. Inethiwekhi yokufinyelela okubonakalayo. Inethiwekhi yokufinyelela okubonakalayo ngokuvamile inezingxenye ezintathu: i-OLT yomugqa obonakalayo, iyunithi yenethiwekhi yokubonakalayo i-ONU, inethiwekhi yokusabalalisa okubonakalayo i-ODN, phakathi kwayo i-OLT ne-ONU kuyizingxenye eziyinhloko zenethiwekhi yokufinyelela okubonakalayo.

Kuyini i-OLT?

Igama eliphelele le-OLT yi-Optical Line Terminal, i-optical line terminal. I-OLT iyi-optical line terminal kanye nemishini yehhovisi eliphakathi yezokuxhumana. Isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma imigqa ye-trunk ye-fiber ye-optical. Isebenza njengeswishi noma i-router kunethiwekhi yendabuko yokuxhumana. Iyidivayisi emnyango wenethiwekhi yangaphandle kanye nomnyango wenethiwekhi yangaphakathi. Ibekwe ehhovisi eliphakathi, imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu yokuphatha ukuhlela ithrafikhi, ukulawula i-buffer, kanye nokuhlinzeka ngezixhumi zenethiwekhi ye-optical ezingasetshenziswanga zomsebenzisi kanye nokwabiwa kwe-bandwidth. Kalula nje, iwukufeza imisebenzi emibili. Kwi-upstream, iqedela ukufinyelela okuphezulu kwenethiwekhi ye-PON; kwe-downstream, idatha etholiwe ithunyelwa futhi isatshalaliswe kuwo wonke amadivayisi e-ONU user terminal ngenethiwekhi ye-ODN.

Kuyini i-ONU?

I-ONU iyi-Optical Network Unit. I-ONU inemisebenzi emibili: ithola ngokukhetha ukusakazwa okuthunyelwe yi-OLT, futhi iphendula ku-OLT uma idatha idinga ukwamukelwa; iqoqa futhi ibeke idatha ye-Ethernet umsebenzisi ayidingayo ukuyithumela, bese iyithumela ku-OLT ngokuya ngewindi lokuthumela elinikeziwe Thumela idatha egciniwe.

Kunethiwekhi ye-FTTx, izindlela ezahlukene zokufinyelela ze-ONU zokusetshenziswa nazo zihlukile, njenge-FTTC (Fiber To The Curb): I-ONU ibekwa egumbini lekhompyutha eliphakathi lomphakathi; I-FTTB (Fiber To The Building): I-ONU ibekwa ephasejini i-FTTH (Fiber To The Home): I-ONU ibekwa kumsebenzisi wasekhaya.

Kuyini i-ONT?

I-ONT iyi-Optical Network Terminal, iyunithi yokugcina kakhulu ye-FTTH, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi “i-optical modem”, efana ne-modem kagesi ye-xDSL. I-ONT iyi-terminal yenethiwekhi ye-optical, esetshenziswa kumsebenzisi wokugcina, kuyilapho i-ONU ibhekisela kuyunithi yenethiwekhi ye-optical, futhi kungase kube namanye amanethiwekhi phakathi kwayo nomsebenzisi wokugcina. I-ONT iyingxenye ebalulekile ye-ONU.

Buyini ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-ONU ne-OLT?

I-OLT iyisiphetho sokuphatha, kanti i-ONU iyisiphetho; ukusebenza kwesevisi kwe-ONU kukhishwa nge-OLT, futhi lokhu kokubili kusebudlelwaneni benkosi nesigqila. Ama-ONU amaningi angaxhunywa ku-OLT eyodwa nge-splitter.

Kuyini i-ODN?

I-ODN iyi-Optical Distribution Network, inethiwekhi yokusabalalisa i-optical, iyisiteshi sokudlulisa i-optical esibonakalayo phakathi kwe-OLT ne-ONU, umsebenzi oyinhloko ukuqedela ukudluliselwa kwezimpawu ze-optical ngezindlela ezimbili, ngokuvamile ngezintambo ze-optical fiber, izixhumi ze-optical, izihlukanisi ze-optical kanye nokufakwa ukuxhuma lezi. Ingxenye yemishini esekelayo yedivayisi, ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yi-optical splitter.