Njengesizukulwane esisha sobuchwepheshe bokufinyelela i-optical fiber, i-XPON inezinzuzo ezinkulu ekulweni nokuphazamiseka, izici ze-bandwidth, ibanga lokufinyelela, ukugcinwa kanye nokuphathwa, njll. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kudonsele ukunaka okukhulu kubasebenzi bomhlaba wonke. Ubuchwepheshe bokufinyelela i-optical be-XPON buvuthiwe ngokwesilinganiso i-EPON kanti i-GPON zombili zakhiwe yihhovisi eliphakathi i-OLT, imishini ye-ONU eseceleni komsebenzisi kanye nenethiwekhi yokusabalalisa i-optical engasebenzisi i-ODN. Phakathi kwazo, inethiwekhi nemishini ye-ODN kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokufinyelela okuhlanganisiwe kwe-XPON, okubandakanya ukwakheka kanye nokusetshenziswa kwenethiwekhi entsha ye-optical fiber. Imishini ye-ODN ehlobene kanye nezindleko zokuxhumana ziye zaba yizinto ezibalulekile ezivimbela izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-XPON.
Umqondo
Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe be-xPON obunethemba kakhulu embonini buhlanganisa i-EPON ne-GPON.
Ubuchwepheshe be-GPON (Gigabit-CapablePON) buyisizukulwane sakamuva sezinga lokufinyelela elihlanganisiwe le-broadband passive optical elisekelwe kuzinga le-ITU-TG.984.x. Bunezinzuzo eziningi ezifana ne-bandwidth ephezulu, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukumbozwa okukhulu, kanye ne-interface yomsebenzisi ecebile. Abasebenzi babubheka njengobuchwepheshe obuhle bokufeza i-broadband kanye nokuguqulwa okuphelele kwezinsizakalo zenethiwekhi yokufinyelela. Izinga eliphezulu kakhulu le-GPON elingaphansi lingu-2.5Gbps, umugqa ongaphezulu ungu-1.25Gbps, kanti isilinganiso esiphezulu sokuhlukaniswa ngu-1:64.
I-EPON uhlobo lobuchwepheshe obusha bokufinyelela i-broadband, obufeza ukufinyelela kwedatha, izwi nevidiyo ngesistimu eyodwa yokufinyelela i-optical fiber, futhi busebenza kahle kwezomnotho. I-EPON izoba ubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile bokufinyelela i-broadband. Ngenxa yezici zesakhiwo senethiwekhi ye-EPON, izinzuzo ezikhethekile zokufinyelela i-broadband ekhaya, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwemvelo okungokwemvelo namanethiwekhi ekhompyutha, ochwepheshe emhlabeni wonke bayavuma ukuthi amanethiwekhi e-optical angasebenzi awukufezwa “kwamanethiwekhi amathathu kwelinye” kanye nesixazululo somgwaqo omkhulu wolwazi. Indlela yokudlulisela engcono kakhulu “yemayela lokugcina”.
Uhlelo lwenethiwekhi ye-PON yesizukulwane esilandelayo xPON:
Nakuba i-EPON ne-GPON zinezobuchwepheshe bazo ezahlukene, zine-topology efanayo yenethiwekhi kanye nesakhiwo esifanayo sokuphathwa kwenethiwekhi. Zombili ziqondiswe kuhlelo lokusebenza olufanayo lwenethiwekhi yokufinyelela optical futhi azihlanganisi. Uhlelo lwenethiwekhi ye-PON yesizukulwane esilandelayo i-xPON lungasekela ngesikhathi esifanayo. Lezi zindinganiso ezimbili, okungukuthi, imishini ye-xPON inganikeza izinhlobo ezahlukene zokufinyelela kwe-PON ngokwezidingo ezahlukene zabasebenzisi, futhi ixazulule inkinga yokungahambelani kobuchwepheshe obubili. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlelo lwe-xPON lunikeza ipulatifomu yokuphathwa kwenethiwekhi ehlanganisiwe engaphatha izidingo ezahlukene zebhizinisi, ifeze amakhono okusekela agcwele (kufaka phakathi i-ATM, i-Ethernet, i-TDM) ngesiqinisekiso esiqinile se-QoS, futhi isekele ukudluliswa kwe-TV yekhebula engezansi nge-WDM; ngesikhathi esifanayo, ingahlonza ngokuzenzakalelayo i-EPON, ikhadi le-GPON Access liyangezwa futhi lihoxiswe; liyahambisana ngempela namanethiwekhi e-EPON ne-GPON ngesikhathi esifanayo. Kubaphathi benethiwekhi, konke ukuphathwa nokucushwa kungokwebhizinisi, kungakhathaliseki umehluko wobuchwepheshe phakathi kwe-EPON ne-GPON. Okusho ukuthi, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe kwe-EPON kanye ne-GPON kusobala ekuphathweni kwenethiwekhi, futhi umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili uvikelwe futhi unikezwa esibonakalayo esihlanganisiwe esingqimbeni eliphezulu. Ipulatifomu yokuphathwa kwenethiwekhi ehlanganisiwe ingenye yezinzuzo ezinkulu zalolu hlelo, oluqaphela ngempela ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe obubili obuhlukene be-PON ezingeni lokuphathwa kwenethiwekhi.
Amapharamitha amakhulu kanye nezinkomba zobuchwepheshe
Amapharamitha ayinhloko enethiwekhi ye-xPON yile:
●Amakhono okusekela amasevisi amaningi: ukufeza amakhono okusekela agcwele (kufaka phakathi i-ATM, i-Ethernet, i-TDM) ngesiqinisekiso esiqinile se-QoS, sokwenza ngcono ibhizinisi, ukusekela ukudluliswa kwe-TV yekhebula nge-WDM;
●Ukuhlonza nokuphatha ngokuzenzakalelayo amakhadi okufinyelela e-EPON kanye ne-GPON;
●Sekela ikhono legatsha elingu-1:32;
●Ibanga lokudlulisela alidluli amakhilomitha angama-20;
●Isilinganiso somugqa ohambisanayo okhuphukayo nophansi ongu-1.244Gbit/s. Sekela umsebenzi wezibalo zethrafikhi yembobo;
●Sekela umsebenzi wokwabiwa kwe-bandwidth enamandla futhi engaguquki.
●Sekela imisebenzi yokusakaza okuningi kanye nokusakaza okuningi
Izinkomba zobuchwepheshe eziyinhloko zenethiwekhi ye-xPON:
(1) Umthamo wesistimu: Uhlelo lune-core yokushintsha i-IP enamandla amakhulu (30G) ukuhlinzeka nge-interface yenethiwekhi ye-10G Ethernet, futhi i-OLT ngayinye ingasekela amanethiwekhi angu-36 e-PON.
(2) Isixhumi esibonakalayo sezinsizakalo eziningi: Sekela i-TDM, i-ATM, i-Ethernet, i-CATV, futhi unikeze isiqinisekiso esiqinile se-QoS, esingahlanganisa ngokugcwele izinsizakalo ezikhona. Sisekela ngempela ukuthuthukiswa okubushelelezi kwebhizinisi.
(3) Izidingo zokuthembeka okuphezulu kanye nokutholakala kwesistimu: Uhlelo luhlinzeka ngendlela yokushintsha yokuvikela engu-1+1 ukuze luhlangabezane ngokugcwele nezidingo zenethiwekhi yokuxhumana ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthembeka kwenethiwekhi, futhi isikhathi sokushintsha singaphansi kwama-50ms.
(4) Ibanga lenethiwekhi: indlela yenethiwekhi engu-10,20Km elungisekayo, ihlangabezana ngokugcwele nezidingo zenethiwekhi yokufinyelela.
(5) Ipulatifomu yesofthiwe yokuphatha uhlelo oluhlangene: Ukuze uthole izindlela ezahlukene zokufinyelela, yiba nepulatifomu yokuphatha inethiwekhi ehlanganisiwe
Isakhiwo
Uhlelo lwenethiwekhi ye-Passive optical fiber luhlelo lokudlulisa i-broadband ye-optical fiber olwakhiwe yi-optical line terminal (OLT), i-optical distribution network (ODN), kanye ne-optical network unit (ONU), ebizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lwe-PON. Imodeli yokubhekisela yesistimu ye-PON iboniswe kuMfanekiso 1.
Uhlelo lwe-PON lusebenzisa isakhiwo senethiwekhi esisuka endaweni eyodwa siye kwenye, lusebenzisa inethiwekhi yokusabalalisa i-optical engasebenzi njengendlela yokudlulisa, lusebenzisa imodi yokusakaza ku-downlink, kanye nemodi yokusebenza ye-TDM ku-uplink, enikeza ukudluliselwa kwesignali ye-single-fiber bidirectional. Uma kuqhathaniswa nenethiwekhi yokufinyelela yendabuko, uhlelo lwe-PON lunganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kokufinyelela egumbini lekhompyutha kanye nokufinyelela izintambo ze-optical, lwandise ukumbozwa kwenethiwekhi ye-node yokufinyelela, lwandise izinga lokufinyelela, lunciphise izinga lokwehluleka kwemigqa kanye nemishini yangaphandle, futhi luthuthukise ukuthembeka kohlelo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi lusindisa izindleko zokulungisa, ngakho uhlelo lwe-PON luwubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko bokusetshenziswa kwenethiwekhi yokufinyelela yezindlela ezimbili ye-NGB.
Ngokwezinhlobo ezahlukene zokudlulisa isignali zesistimu, ingabizwa ngokuthi i-xPON, njenge-APON, i-BPON, i-EPON, i-GPON kanye ne-WDM-PON. I-GPON kanye ne-EPON zisetshenziswe kabanzi emhlabeni wonke, futhi kukhona nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinkulu ekuguqulweni kwamanethiwekhi omsakazo kanye nethelevishini anezindlela ezimbili. I-WDM-PON uhlelo olusebenzisa iziteshi ezizimele zamaza obubanzi phakathi kwe-OLT ne-ONU ukwakha uxhumano oluqondile. Uma luqhathaniswa ne-TDM- njenge-EPON kanye ne-GPON, i-PON kanye ne-WDM-PON zinezinzuzo ze-bandwidth ephezulu, ukubonakala kwephrothokholi, ukuphepha nokuthembeka, kanye nokukhula okunamandla. Ziyisiqondiso sentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo. Esikhathini esifushane, ngenxa yezimiso eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-WDM-PON, amanani aphezulu edivayisi, kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zesistimu, azikabi nemibandela yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinkulu.
Izinkomba zobuchwepheshe eziyinhloko ze-xPON
①Umthamo wesistimu: Uhlelo lune-core yokushintsha i-IP enamandla amakhulu (30G), luhlinzeka nge-interface yenethiwekhi ye-10G Ethernet, futhi i-OLT ngayinye ingasekela ama-PON angu-36;
②I-interface yezinsizakalo eziningi: isekela i-TDM, i-ATM, i-Ethernet, i-CATV, futhi inikeze isiqinisekiso esiqinile se-QoS, ingamunca ngokugcwele ibhizinisi elikhona, futhi isekele ngempela ukuthuthukiswa okubushelelezi kwebhizinisi;
③ Izidingo zokuthembeka okuphezulu kanye nokutholakala kwesistimu: Uhlelo luhlinzeka ngendlela yokushintsha yokuvikela engu-1+1 ukuze luhlangabezane ngokugcwele nezidingo zenethiwekhi yokuxhumana ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthembeka kwenethiwekhi, futhi isikhathi sokushintsha singaphansi kwamamitha angu-50;
④Ibanga lenethiwekhi: ububanzi benethiwekhi obuyi-10-20km bungalungiswa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane ngokugcwele nezidingo zenethiwekhi yokufinyelela;
⑤Ipulatifomu yesofthiwe yokuphatha uhlelo oluhlanganisiwe: Ngezindlela ezahlukene zokufinyelela, inepulatifomu yokuphatha inethiwekhi ehlanganisiwe.
I-HUANET ikhiqiza amamodeli amaningi e-xPON ONU, xPON ONT, afaka phakathi i-1GE xPON ONU, 1GE+1FE+CATV+WIFI xPON ONT, 1GE+1FE+CATV+POTS+WIFI xPON ONU, 1GE+3FE+POTS+WIFI xPON ONT. Siphinde sinikeze i-Huawei xPON ONT.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-24-2021