Njengengxenye ebalulekile yokuxhumana kwe-fiber optical, amamojula optical amadivaysi e-optoelectronic aqaphela imisebenzi yokuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric kanye nokuguqulwa kwe-electro-optical ohlelweni lokudlulisa isignali ye-optical.
Imojula yokubona isebenza kungqimba olubonakalayo lwemodeli ye-OSI futhi ingenye yezingxenye eziyinhloko ohlelweni lokuxhumana lwe-fiber optical.Ikakhulukazi yakhiwe ngamadivayisi we-optoelectronic (ama-optical transmitters, ama-optical receiver), amasekhethi asebenzayo, kanye ne-optical interfaces.Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukubona ukuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric kanye nemisebenzi yokuguqulwa kwe-electro-optical ekuxhumaneni kwe-fiber optical.Umgomo wokusebenza wemojula ye-optical uboniswa kumdwebo wesimiso sokusebenza wemojula ye-optical.
Isixhumi esibonakalayo esithumelayo sifaka isignali kagesi ngenani elithile lekhodi, futhi ngemva kokucutshungulwa yi-chip yomshayeli yangaphakathi, isignali yokubona eshintshiwe yezinga elihambisanayo ikhishwa i-driving semiconductor laser (LD) noma i-light-emitting diode (LED).Ngemuva kokudluliselwa nge-fiber optical, isikhombimsebenzisi esitholayo sidlulisela isignali ye-optical Iguqulwa ibe isignali kagesi nge-photodetector diode, futhi isignali kagesi yezinga lekhodi ehambisanayo ikhishwa ngemva kokudlula ku-preamplifier.
Yiziphi izinkomba zokusebenza ezibalulekile zemojuli ye-optical
Indlela yokulinganisa inkomba yokusebenza yemojuli ye-optical?Singakwazi ukuqonda izinkomba zokusebenza zamamojula optical kusuka kuzici ezilandelayo.
I-Transmitter ye-optical module
Isilinganiso sokudlulisa amandla okubona
Isilinganiso samandla okukhanya adlulisiwe abhekisela ekuphumeni kwamandla okukhanya ngomthombo wokukhanya ekugcineni kokudlulisela kwemojula ye-optical ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile zokusebenza, ezingaqondwa njengokushuba kokukhanya.Amandla okubona adlulisiwe ahlobene nengxenye ethi “1″ kusiginali yedatha edlulisiwe.Uma u-“1” kakhulu, amandla okubona aba makhulu.Lapho isidlulisi sithumela isiginali yokulandelana okungahleliwe, “1″ kanye “no-0” cishe i-akhawunti ingxenye ngayinye.Ngalesi sikhathi, amandla atholwe ukuhlolwa amandla okubona adlulisiwe adlulisiwe, futhi iyunithi ingu-W noma mW noma i-dBm.Phakathi kwazo, i-W noma i-mW iyiyunithi yomugqa, futhi i-dBm iyiyunithi ye-logarithmic.Ekuxhumaneni, ngokuvamile sisebenzisa i-dBm ukumela amandla okubona.
Isilinganiso Sokuqothula
Isilinganiso sokuqothulwa sibhekisela enanini eliphansi lesilinganiso sesilinganiso samandla okubona we-laser lapho ekhipha wonke “amakhodi angu-1” kumandla okubona amaphakathi akhishwayo lapho wonke “amakhodi angu-0” ekhishwa ngaphansi kwezimo zokushintshwa okugcwele, futhi iyunithi iyi-dB. .Njengoba kuboniswe ku-Figure 1-3, lapho siguqula isignali kagesi ibe isignali ye-optical, i-laser engxenyeni yokudlulisa ye-module optical iyiguqula ibe isignali ye-optical ngokusho kwekhodi yekhodi yesignali kagesi yokufaka.Amandla okubona amaphakathi lapho wonke “amakhodi angu-1” emelela isilinganiso samandla esibani esikhipha i-laser, isilinganiso samandla okubona lapho wonke amakhodi “0″ emelela isilinganiso samandla e-laser angakhiphi ukukhanya, futhi isilinganiso sokuqothulwa simelela amandla. ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamasignali angu-0 no-1, ngakho-ke isilinganiso se-Extinction singathathwa njengesilinganiso sokusebenza kahle kwe-laser.Amanani amancane ajwayelekile esilinganiso sokuqothulwa asukela ku-8.2dB kuya ku-10dB.
Ubude begagasi obumaphakathi besignali yokubona
Ku-spectrum ekhishwayo, ubude be-waveleng obuhambisana nendawo emaphakathi yengxenye yomugqa exhuma amanani aphezulu angu-50℅ we-amplitude.Izinhlobo ezahlukene zamalaser noma amalaser amabili ohlobo olufanayo azoba namaza ahlukene aphakathi nendawo ngenxa yenqubo, ukukhiqizwa nezinye izizathu.Ngisho ne-laser efanayo ingaba namaza amaza ahlukene ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene.Ngokuvamile, abakhiqizi bemishini yokubona kanye namamojula okubona banikeza abasebenzisi ipharamitha, okungukuthi, ubude begagasi obumaphakathi (njengo-850nm), futhi le pharamitha ngokuvamile iyibanga.Njengamanje, kukhona ikakhulukazi amaza amaphakathi amathathu amamojula asetshenziswa kakhulu optical: 850nm band, 1310nm band kanye 1550nm band.
Kungani kuchazwa kula maqembu amathathu?Lokhu kuhlobene nokulahlekelwa i-optical fiber transmission medium yesiginali ye-optical.Ngocwaningo oluqhubekayo nokuhlolwa, kutholakala ukuthi ukulahleka kwefayibha kuvame ukwehla ngobude be-wavelength.Ukulahlekelwa ku-850nm kuncane, futhi ukulahlekelwa ku-900 ~ 1300nm kuba phezulu;kuyilapho ku-1310nm, iba ngaphansi, futhi ukulahlekelwa ku-1550nm kuphansi kakhulu, futhi ukulahlekelwa okungaphezu kwe-1650nm kuvame ukwanda.Ngakho-ke i-850nm iyona ebizwa ngokuthi iwindi le-wavelength emfushane, futhi i-1310nm ne-1550nm amawindi amade amaza.
Isamukeli semojuli ye-optical
Ukulayisha ngokweqile amandla okubona
Okwaziwa nangokuthi amandla okubona agcwele, kubhekiselwa kumandla okubona amaphakathi aphezulu okokufaka okungatholwa izingxenye zesiphetho esitholayo ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esithile sephutha elincane (BER=10-12) semojula yokubona.Iyunithi yi-dBm.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-photodetector izovela i-photocurrent saturation phenomenon ngaphansi kwe-irradiation enamandla.Uma lesi simo senzeka, umtshina udinga isikhathi esithile ukuze ululame.Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuzwela kokwamukela kuncipha, futhi isignali eyamukelwe ingase ingahlulelwa kahle.dala amaphutha ekhodi.Ukukubeka kalula, uma amandla optical okufakwayo edlula lawa mandla okukhanya agcwala kakhulu, angabangela umonakalo emishinini.Ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa nokusebenza, zama ukugwema ukukhanya okunamandla ukuze uvimbele ukweqa amandla okubona agcwele kakhulu.
Ukuzwela umamukeli
Ukwamukela ukuzwela kusho ubuncane besilinganiso samandla okubona okokufaka okungatholwa izingxenye zokugcina ngaphansi kwesimo sezinga elithile lephutha elincane (BER=10-12) lemojula yokubona.Uma amandla okukhanya okudlulisa ebhekisela kubukhulu bokukhanya ekugcineni kokuthumela, khona-ke ukuzwela kokwamukela kubhekisela ekukhanyeni kokukhanya okungatholwa yimojula yokubona.Iyunithi yi-dBm.
Ngokuvamile, izinga eliphakeme kakhulu, ukuzwela kokwamukela kubi kakhulu, okungukuthi, amandla amancane atholiwe optical, aphakeme kakhulu izidingo zezingxenye zokugcina ezitholayo zemojula ye-optical.
Ithole amandla okubona
Amandla okubona atholiwe abhekisela ebangeni lamandla okubona elimaphakathi elingatholwa izingxenye zokugcina ngaphansi kwesimo sezinga elithile lephutha elincane (BER=10-12) lemojula yokubona.Iyunithi yi-dBm.Umkhawulo ophezulu wamandla optical atholiwe amandla optical agcwele ngokweqile, futhi umkhawulo ophansi uyinani eliphakeme lokuzwela okutholayo.
Ngokuvamile, lapho amandla okubona atholiwe ephansi kunokuzwela okutholayo, isignali ingase ingamukelwa ngokuvamile ngenxa yokuthi amandla okubona abuthakathaka kakhulu.Uma amandla okubona atholiwe emakhulu kunamandla okubona agcwele kakhulu, amasiginali angase angamukelwa ngokuvamile ngenxa yamaphutha amancane.
Inkomba yokusebenza okuphelele
isivinini esibonakalayo
Isilinganiso esiphezulu sesignali kagesi sokudluliswa kwamahhala okungaphathwa ngamadivayisi abonakalayo, izinga le-Ethernet liyasho: 125Mbit/s, 1.25Gbit/s, 10.3125Gbit/s, 41.25Gbit/s.
Ibanga lokudlulisela
Ibanga lokudlulisela lamamojula okukhanya linqunyelwe ngokuyinhloko ukulahlekelwa nokuhlakazeka.Ukulahlekelwa ukulahlekelwa amandla okukhanya ngenxa yokumuncwa, ukusakazeka kanye nokuvuza kwendawo ephakathi nendawo lapho ukukhanya kudluliselwa ku-fiber optical.Le ngxenye yamandla ichithwa ngezinga elithile njengoba ibanga lokudlulisela likhula.Ukusabalalisa kubangelwa ikakhulukazi ukuthi amagagasi kagesi amaza ahlukene asakazeka ngesivinini esihlukene endaweni efanayo, okuholela ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zamaza zesignali yokubona ezifika ekugcineni kokwamukela ngezikhathi ezihlukene ngenxa yokunqwabelana kwamabanga okudlulisela, okuholela ekushayeni kwenhliziyo. ukunwebeka, okwenza kungenzeki ukuhlukanisa inani lezimpawu.
Ngokuphathelene nokuhlakazwa okulinganiselwe kwemojuli ye-optical, ibanga elilinganiselwe likhulu kakhulu kunebanga elilinganiselwe lokulahlekelwa, ngakho-ke lingashaywa indiva.Umkhawulo wokulahlekelwa ungalinganiselwa ngokuya ngefomula: ukulahlekelwa ibanga elilinganiselwe = (amandla optical adlulisiwe - ukuthola ukuzwela) / ukuncishiswa kwefayibha.Ukuncishiswa kwe-fiber optical kuhlobene kakhulu ne-fiber optical yangempela ekhethiwe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-27-2023