xPON ni iki

Nk'ikinyejana gishya cy'ikoranabuhanga ryo kugera kuri fibre optique, XPON ifite ibyiza byinshi mu kurwanya ingaruka, imiterere y'umurongo w'itumanaho, intera yo kugera kuri fibre optique, kubungabunga no gucunga, nibindi. Ikoreshwa ryayo ryakuruye ibitekerezo byinshi by'abakora ku isi. Ikoranabuhanga rya XPON optique ryo kugera kuri fibre optique ni EPON imaze igihe kinini kandi GPON zombi zigizwe na OLT yo mu biro bikuru, ibikoresho bya ONU ku ruhande rw'umukoresha na ODN. Muri byo, umuyoboro wa ODN n'ibikoresho ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'uburyo bwo kugera kuri XPON, birimo gushinga no gukoresha umuyoboro mushya wa fibre optique. Ibiciro by'ibikoresho bya ODN bifitanye isano n'imiyoboro byabaye ibintu by'ingenzi bibangamira ikoreshwa rya XPON.

Igitekerezo

Muri iki gihe, ikoranabuhanga rya xPON rishimishije muri rusange ririmo EPON na GPON.

Ikoranabuhanga rya GPON (Gigabit-CapablePON) ni ryo koranabuhanga rigezweho rya interineti ikoresha uburyo bwa internet buzwi nka broadband passive optical integrated access standard hashingiwe ku gipimo cya ITU-TG.984.x. Rifite ibyiza byinshi nko gukoresha interineti nyinshi, gukora neza cyane, gukwirakwiza amakuru menshi, hamwe n’uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha interineti. Abakoresha babifata nk'ikoranabuhanga ryiza ryo guhindura uburyo bwa internet no guhindura serivisi z’itumanaho. Igipimo ntarengwa cya GPON ni 2.5Gbps, umurongo wo hejuru ni 1.25Gbps, naho igipimo ntarengwa cyo kugabanya amakuru ni 1:64.

EPON ni ubwoko bw'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo kugera ku muyoboro wa interineti, ritanga serivisi zihuriweho zo kugera ku makuru, amajwi na videwo binyuze muri sisitemu imwe yo kugera ku muyoboro wa optique, kandi rifite imikorere myiza mu bukungu. EPON izaba ikoranabuhanga rikuru ryo kugera ku muyoboro wa interineti. Bitewe n'imiterere y'umuyoboro wa EPON, ibyiza byihariye byo kugera ku muyoboro wa interineti mu rugo, hamwe n'uburyo karemano bwo guhuza imiyoboro ya mudasobwa, impuguke hirya no hino ku isi zemeza ko imiyoboro ya optique idakora ari ugushyira mu bikorwa "imiyoboro itatu muri imwe" n'igisubizo cy'umuhanda w'amakuru. Uburyo bwiza bwo kohereza amakuru ku "kilometero cya nyuma".

Sisitemu y'urusobe rw'itumanaho rya PON y'isekuruza itaha xPON:

Nubwo EPON na GPON zifite ikoranabuhanga ryazo ritandukanye, zifite imiterere imwe y’umuyoboro w’itumanaho n’imiterere imwe y’imicungire y’umuyoboro w’itumanaho. Zombi zerekeza kuri porogaramu imwe y’umuyoboro w’itumanaho ry’ikoranabuhanga kandi ntabwo ari uguhuza. Sisitemu y’umuyoboro w’itumanaho w’igihe gitaha xPON ishobora gushyigikira icyarimwe. Izi ngamba ebyiri, ni ukuvuga ko ibikoresho bya xPON bishobora gutanga ubwoko butandukanye bw’itumanaho rya PON hakurikijwe ibyo abakoresha bakeneye, no gukemura ikibazo cyo kudahuza kw’ikoranabuhanga ryombi. Muri icyo gihe, sisitemu ya xPON itanga urubuga rw’ubuyobozi bw’umuyoboro rw’itumanaho rushobora gucunga ibyo bakeneye mu bucuruzi bitandukanye, rugatanga serivisi yuzuye (harimo na ATM, Ethernet, TDM) hamwe n’ingwate ikomeye ya QoS, kandi rugashyigikira uburyo bwo kohereza televiziyo binyuze kuri WDM; muri icyo gihe, ishobora kumenya EPON mu buryo bwikora, ikarita ya GPON Access ikongerwaho kandi ikakurwaho; irahuye koko n’imiyoboro ya EPON na GPON icyarimwe. Ku bayobozi b’imiyoboro, imicungire yose n’imiterere ni iby’ubucuruzi, hatitawe ku itandukaniro rya tekiniki riri hagati ya EPON na GPON. Ni ukuvuga ko ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya tekiniki rya EPON na GPON rigaragarira mu micungire y’umuyoboro, kandi itandukaniro riri hagati yabyo byombi rirakingiwe kandi rigahabwa umurongo ngenderwaho w’urwego rwo hejuru. Urubuga rw’imicungire y’umuyoboro ni kimwe mu byiza bikomeye by’iyi sisitemu, ihuza by’ukuri ikoranabuhanga rya PON ebyiri zitandukanye ku rwego rw’imicungire y’umuyoboro.

Ibipimo by'ingenzi n'ibipimo bya tekiniki

Ibipimo by'ingenzi bya network ya xPON ni ibi bikurikira:

●Ubushobozi bwo gushyigikira serivisi nyinshi: kugira ngo ubone serivisi yuzuye (harimo na ATM, Ethernet, TDM) hamwe n'ingwate ikomeye ya QoS, kugira ngo ubucuruzi burusheho kuba bwiza, gushyigikira uburyo bwo kohereza televiziyo binyuze kuri WDM;

●Gutanga amakuru no gucunga amakarita yo kwinjira ya EPON na GPON mu buryo bwikora;

●Gushyigikira ubushobozi bw'ishami rya 1:32;

●Intera yo kohereza ubutumwa ntabwo irenga kilometero 20;

●Umuvuduko w'umurongo uhuza uturere two hejuru n'utwo hasi ni 1.244Gbit/s. Gushyigikira imikorere y'ibarurishamibare ry'inzira zo ku cyambu;

●Ishyigikira imikorere yo gutanga bandwidth ihindagurika kandi idahindagurika.

●Gushyigikira imikorere ya multicast na multicast

Ibipimo by'ingenzi bya tekiniki bya interineti ya xPON:

(1) Ubushobozi bwa sisitemu: Sisitemu ifite umuyoboro munini wa IP switching core (30G) kugira ngo itange umurongo ngenderwaho wa 10G Ethernet, kandi buri OLT ishobora gushyigikira imiyoboro 36 ya PON.

(2) Uburyo bwo gukoresha serivisi nyinshi: Gushyigikira TDM, ATM, Ethernet, CATV, no gutanga garanti ikomeye ya QoS, ishobora kuba irimo serivisi zisanzwe. Ishyigikira by'ukuri iterambere ry'ubucuruzi.

(3) Ibisabwa kugira ngo sisitemu ibe yizewe cyane kandi iboneke: Sisitemu itanga uburyo bwo guhinduranya ikoranabuhanga bushobora gukoreshwa mu buryo bworoshye kugira ngo yuzuze ibisabwa n'umuyoboro w'itumanaho kugira ngo umuyoboro w'itumanaho ube wizerwa, kandi igihe cyo guhinduranya ni munsi ya 50ms.

(4) Intera y'umuyoboro: inzira y'umuyoboro ya kilometero 10,20 ishobora guhindurwa, yujuje ibisabwa byose by'umuyoboro w'itumanaho.

(5) Porogaramu ihuriweho yo gucunga sisitemu: Ku buryo butandukanye bwo kwinjira, gira porogaramu ihuriweho yo gucunga umuyoboro

Imiterere

Sisitemu y'urusobe rw'imiyoboro ya optique idakora ni sisitemu yo kohereza imiyoboro ya optique igizwe na terminal y'umurongo wa optique (OLT), umuyoboro w'itumanaho rya optique (ODN), n'igice cy'umuyoboro wa optique (ONU), cyitwa sisitemu ya PON. Icyitegererezo cya sisitemu ya PON kigaragara ku Ishusho ya 1.

Sisitemu ya PON ikoresha imiterere y'umuyoboro wa point-to-multipoint, ikoresha umuyoboro wa optique distribution nk'uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru, ikoresha uburyo bwo gusakaza amakuru muri downlink, n'uburyo bwa TDM muri uplink, butuma habaho kohereza ibimenyetso bya fibre imwe. Ugereranyije n'umuyoboro usanzwe wo kohereza amakuru, sisitemu ya PON ishobora kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'uburyo bwo kwinjira mu cyumba cya mudasobwa no kugera ku nsinga za optique, kongera uburyo umuyoboro ukoreshwa mu kwinjira, kongera uburyo bwo kwinjira, kugabanya uburyo imiyoboro n'ibikoresho byo hanze binanirwa, no kunoza uburyo bwo kwizerwa bwa sisitemu. Muri icyo gihe, inagabanya ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga, bityo sisitemu ya PON niyo koranabuhanga nyamukuru ry'umuyoboro wa NGB wo kohereza amakuru.

Dukurikije imiterere itandukanye yo kohereza ibimenyetso muri sisitemu, ishobora kwitwa xPON, nka APON, BPON, EPON, GPON na WDM-PON. GPON na EPON byakwirakwijwe cyane ku isi, kandi hari n'uburyo bunini bwo guhindura imiyoboro ya radiyo na televiziyo. WDM-PON ni sisitemu ikoresha imiyoboro y'uburebure yigenga hagati ya OLT na ONU kugira ngo ikore umurongo uhuza umurongo n'ingingo. Ugereranyije na TDM- nka EPON na GPON, PON na WDM-PON bifite ibyiza byo gukoresha umuyoboro munini w'itumanaho, gukorera mu mucyo kuri protocol, umutekano no kwizerwa, ndetse no kwaguka cyane. Ni byo cyerekezo cy'iterambere ry'ejo hazaza. Mu gihe gito, bitewe n'amahame agoye ya WDM-PON, ibiciro biri hejuru by'ibikoresho, n'ibiciro biri hejuru bya sisitemu, ntabwo ifite ibisabwa kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu buryo bunini.

Ibipimo by'ingenzi bya tekiniki bya xPON

①Ubushobozi bwa sisitemu: Sisitemu ifite umuyoboro munini wa IP switching core (30G), itanga umurongo ngenderwaho wa 10G Ethernet, kandi buri OLT ishobora gushyigikira PON 36;

②Uburyo bwo gukoresha serivisi nyinshi: bushyigikira TDM, ATM, Ethernet, CATV, kandi butanga garanti ikomeye ya QoS, bushobora kwakira neza ubucuruzi buriho, kandi bugashyigikira by'ukuri iterambere ry'ubucuruzi;

③ Ibisabwa kugira ngo sisitemu ibe yizewe cyane kandi iboneke: Sisitemu itanga uburyo bwo guhinduranya ikoranabuhanga rya 1+1 kugira ngo yuzuze ibisabwa n'umuyoboro w'itumanaho kugira ngo umuyoboro w'itumanaho ube wizewe, kandi igihe cyo guhinduranya ni munsi ya metero 50;

④Intera y'umuyoboro: Ubugari bwa metero 10-20 bushobora gushyirwaho kugira ngo buhuze neza n'ibisabwa n'umuyoboro wo kwinjira;

⑤ Porogaramu ihuriweho yo gucunga sisitemu: Ku buryo butandukanye bwo kwinjira, ifite porogaramu ihuriweho yo gucunga umuyoboro.

HUANET ikora ubwoko bwinshi bwa xPON ONU, xPON ONT, harimo 1GE xPON ONU, 1GE+1FE+CATV+WIFI xPON ONT, 1GE+1FE+CATV+POTS+WIFI xPON ONU, 1GE+3FE+POTS+WIFI xPON ONT. Dutanga kandi Huawei xPON ONT.